And all ion channels are selective for a single type of ion, and we can think about how that selectivity takes place, and that's where this idea of atomic radius is going to become very important.

所有的离子通道都是仅对某一种离子具有选择性的，而我们可以来想一想这种选择性是如何发生的，这也就是原子半径这个概念将会变得，非常重要的地方。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And there is no way to explain this phenomenon if you model the water as having particle-like properties.

没有其他的方法来解释这种现象,除非认为,水是一种具有粒子的性质。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

The other would be characteristic of agriculturalists: it would be an offering of the very first barley that would be harvested in the spring.

另一种是具有务农者特色的,他们献上的是春天里收获的第一颗大麦粒。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

What he invented was an insurance policy that had a cash value and that's another-- it's a cash value on the insurance policy.

他创造了一种保单,这种保单具有现金价值,指带有储蓄性质的保单所具有的价值

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Some have even argued that there is an intuitive biology, a common-sense biological understanding of the world that's separate from your understanding of people and physics.

有些人甚至认为,大脑中存在着一个直觉生物学模块,这是一种与所具有的人类及物理学知识,并不相同的常识性生物学知识

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

He is making a claim here which is a very strong, powerful one, but which was characteristic of the Greeks and I want you to take note of it here.

他在这里表达了一种强有力的主张,同时也很具有希腊风格,我要你们着重记录这里

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Enzymes work best, enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions and our bodies operate by elaborate networks of chemical reactions, When we're off from that temperature then they don't work properly.

举酶这个例子再好不过,酶是一种具有催化作用的蛋白质,人体依靠精密复杂的化学反应网络来运转,如果我们体温与之相差较大,这些酶就不能正常工作

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

But you need to be able to predict what kind of properties a certain atom's going to have within a molecule, whether you're talking about something, for example, that's very electronegative, or something that is not electronegative at all, it is going to make a difference in terms of thinking about how molecules are structured and also how they interact with other molecules.

但是你需要能够预言，什么性质,某个原子在分子中能够具有，无论你讨论的是哪一种情况，比如，它有很高的电负性，还是它根本没有电负性，都将会产生影响,对这个分子的结构,以及与其它分子相互作用的情况。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We are all endowed, he says, with a kind of natural right to life and the desire to preserve oneself is not just a biological fact, although it is also that, it is for him a moral right, it is a moral entitlement, every being has a fundamental right to its own life.

他说，我们具有，一种对生活的自然权利,和保护自己的欲望,这不只是一种生理现象，虽然是一种生理现象，对他来说这更是一种道德权利，是一种道德资格，每个人最自己的生活都有这种根本权利。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

One would be characteristic of semi-nomadic pastoralists: the sacrifice of the first lamb born in the spring to the deity in order to procure favor and continued blessing on the flocks for the spring.

一种是具有半游牧人的特色：,他们把春天里的第一只羊羔献给神,为了获得神的偏爱,来年春天继续赐福。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

So if you're trying to make a more complicated organic molecule carbon-carbon bonds are one of the most difficult things to make in organic chemistry, and it turns out that c n minus is a very reactive molecule, so it's a good way, even though we'll go over some drawbacks in a second, it is a good way to make carbon-carbon bonds.

如果你要合成一个更复杂的有机分子,碳碳键是有机化学中,最难制造的键之一，而实际上氰离子是一种具有很高活性的分子，用它是一个好办法，尽管我们一会儿将看到它的一些缺点，但它的确是一个制造碳碳键的好方法。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And that was possible in smallpox because of a few characteristics of the disease: one is that it's a--it's purely a human disease, humans are the only organisms that are affected by it.

天花能够被根治的原因在于,这种疾病具有以下几个特点,一是,它是一种只有人类才得的疾病,人类是唯一受天花感染的生物

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The traditional answer is that These guys actually did press up against the rows in front of them And that this provided a momentum That gave the front line an advantage in beating the enemy facing them.

传统的回答是,他们实际上是在推挤前面几排友军,为其提供一种动力,使前线在与对面的敌人交战时具有优势

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Then those antigens get expressed with MHC just like they did in all the other cells inside the host, but particular cells of the innate immune system have a different kind of MHC called MHC2.

这些抗原同MHC共表达,就如同抗原在其他宿主细胞中那样,但先天免疫系统有一类特殊的免疫细胞,具有一种称为MHC2的不同MHC

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选