We're going to talk about how they're prepared, but it's a preparation that is intended to stimulate your immune system.

我们会讲它们是如何做准备的,它通过刺激你的免疫系统来进行准备

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So a vaccine is designed in order to engage that biology, in order to provide antigens that will stimulate specifically your immune system.

所以疫苗的作用就是参与这个生理活动,提供抗原 来刺激你的免疫系统

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

And those words mean different things: immunogenic means that it stimulates your immune system for a response; pathogenic means that it causes a disease.

这两个词有不同的意义,免疫效应是指,刺激免疫系统产生免疫应答,致病性意指它能使你患病

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, what that really means, you know, from last week's lecture, is that the vaccine stimulates these particular cells in your immune system to give you immunity.

所以,这就意味着,通过上周的课程,你们知道,疫苗通过刺激免疫系统中的,特定细胞来使人获得免疫力

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

But in any event, the vaccine is intended to stimulate the immune system to produce an effector response— either antibodies or specific cells— that can combat spread of the microorganism through your body.

但无论如何,疫苗是通过,刺激免疫系统来使身体产生应答,无论是抗体还是特定的细胞,都可以阻止微生物在体内扩散

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now, if I was a person that was designing a vaccine and I noticed that this was the response that it got, that antibodies were produced, they reached some intermediate level, they started to fall, I would say, "Well I haven't stimulated the immune system enough, let me re-boost, let me give another dose of antigen."

现在,如果我正在研究一种疫苗,我注意到机体会对这种疫苗产生应答,也就是会产生抗体,当抗体浓度达到中等水平后,就开始下降,就可以说,疫苗对免疫系统刺激还不足,我需要提高抗原浓度,让我再把剂量再加大一倍

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选