Well, apparently Richard in real life did not refuse to make those changes. And imagine, in a book that then undergoes this publishing history that I have described, this is kind of a symbolic scene.

很明显，现实生活中的理查,并没有拒绝那些修改,想像一下，经历上述出版过程的一本书，这是象征性的场景。

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选