So, this pathway might not be the only one that's being activated inside the cell at any given time.

因此,任一时刻细胞内,激活的信号通路不只是一条

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

They're not responsible necessarily for moving molecules inside and out, but they sit at the outside of the cell and they wait for signals.

它们不负责将分子运进运出,而是冲着细胞外面坐等信号

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The second particle was deflected almost not at all. But what he could tell from the fact that there was a second particle at all, and the fact that it was in this direction, is that in addition to his negative particle, he also, of course, had a positive particle that was within this stream of rays that were coming out.

粒子的强烈信号,有着强烈的对比,第二个粒子几乎，不发生偏转，他能判断这是，第二个粒子的原因是它在这个方向,所以在出射射线中,除了有带负电的粒子外。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, it makes a binary decision, either I create an action potential or I don't, but that decision could be based on many inputs, not just on input from one cell.

所以 这里产生一个二选一的决策,就是产生动作电位亦或不产生,不过这个决定可能是,根据很多输入信号做出的,而不是仅凭单个细胞所传来的信号

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now, in this cartoon here I've shown a variety of different receptors just to show just to remind you of the different families of receptor molecules that could be involved in receiving and translating a signal.

这个动画中,我向你们展示了各式各样的受体,为了让你们记住不同族的受体分子,它们都涉及信号的接受和翻译过程

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Because this post-synaptic neuron is going to be receiving different signals from different cells, it's decision about what to do next, and the what to do next is either create an actual potential or not create an action potential.

因此突触后神经元可以接收,来自不同细胞的不同信号,然后决定后续反应,后续反应包括产生动作电位,或者不产生动作电位

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选