They often involve the generation of what are called 'second messenger' molecules which carry the signal further into the cell.

过程中通常会生成一种叫做,第二信使的分子,将信号更深入地传递至细胞内部

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This is another example of a second messenger, the inositol lipid pathway.

这是另一个第二信使的例子,磷酸肌醇信号通路

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It's called cDNA or complimentary DNA to indicate that it's a copy, a complimentary copy of the messenger RNA.

它叫cDNA或者互补DNA,意味着它是一个拷贝,一个信使RNA反转录得出的DNA拷贝

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Of course, if you degrade the messenger RNA at a rapid rate then you'll stop expression of the cells.

如果降解信使RNA的速度很快的话,就会停止细胞的表达

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The end result of transcription is not double stranded DNA, it's single stranded RNA where the RNA that's produced is called messenger RNA.

最终的转录产物并非双链的DNA,而是单链的RNA,称为信使RNA

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ATP is famous for its ability to store energy but it's also a messenger molecule.

TP分子的有名之处在于它能够储能,但它也是一类信使分子

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The end result is you can design now very specific double stranded RNA sequences, that when delivered into cells again will activate this process of natural degradation of an existing messenger RNA.

最终的结果是,你现在能够设计针对性很强的,双链RNA序列,当这段序列被转入细胞后会激活,对已有信使RNA进行降解的过程

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Reverse transcriptase is a naturally occurring protein, it has a biological function in HIV, but we can use it for a technical logical function here by going backwards on the biological path from messenger RNA to DNA.

反转录酶是在自然环境中存在的蛋白质,它在HIV中发挥着生物功能,但在这里它可以发挥一个技术功能,让它用信使RNA反转录出DNA

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