You then denature again, each one of these strands gets separated, primers bind, turn on the polymerase, a new strand is made.

然后你可以再次使产物链变性,使各链解旋,再结合引物,激活聚合酶,再生成新链

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, that process happens fast but you also need this neurotransmitter release and activation to happen fast so that you can have rapid activity.

所以 电传递过程很快,但你仍需要神经递质的,快速释放和快速激活,以便使你快速活跃起来

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Well, if this kinase happens to turn this protein on then you would like to have a mechanism to turn it off as well.

那么在激酶激活蛋白质后,你会希望有一种方法能够使它失活

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Basically, you're introducing this gene into cells that when you give the right inactive drug that will cause the cell to make chemicals that kill it.

概括来说,当你把这个自杀基因导入,含有特定未激活药物的细胞时,二者作用就使细胞生成了,可以杀死自己的化合物

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Another receptor eventually activates a phosphatase, that phosphatase now turns the protein off.

另一部分受体激活了磷酸酶,磷酸酶使这些蛋白失活

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

There are 100 of these molecules, when a receptor gets activated a kinase activity gets activated, the kinase acts on the protein, the protein gets switched on, something new starts to happen inside the cell.

有一百个这样的分子,当受体被激活,激酶被激活后,激酶作用于蛋白,使蛋白活化,细胞中就会发生一些新变化

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The antigen has to be presented to helper T-cells, those helper T-cells have to stimulate a B-cell population to both proliferate and differentiate.

抗原需要被呈递给辅助性T细胞,这些辅助性T细胞需要激活B淋巴细胞,使其增殖和分化

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

You first separated your DNA, let the primers bind, then turn on the enzyme, and it makes copies of each one of these.

首先解旋DNA双链,使引物结合,接着激活聚合酶,最终得到各链的复制产物

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Cells share signals with each other, and that leads to activation of a specific cell population if we're thinking about a vaccine that produces antibodies, that leads to activation of B-cells, immature B-cells, which do two things.

细胞与细胞之间存在信号传递,而这将激活特定的细胞群体,如果是一些能够产生抗体的疫苗,抗体将会激活B淋巴细胞,幼B淋巴细胞,使其发生两种变化

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选