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One kind of question, then, I was raising is: what context do you use to read any novel?
我所提出的一类问题是：,你一般采用什么语境去理解小说？
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The process of doing those three things will have allowed you to already have thought quite a bit about these novels.
在你做这三项的过程中,你已经思考了关于这些小说的一些问题。
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Crushing your computer, or whatever it is that you do as you write the great American novel.
砸碎电脑，随便你想怎样,当你创作最伟大的美国小说时。
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Now let me just say in a technical way: if you decide to volunteer to nominate a novel, you'll get no extra credit.
从实际角度讲：,如果你自愿推荐一部小说，你不会得到额外的学分。
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It is not about finding the average man--which you are--also in the novel, there staring back at you.
也不是寻找小说里和你一样的，也在回头凝视你的平常人。
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And if you look on that page, about in the middle, this is Enoch describing his foster mother: "'This woman was hard to get along with.
如果你翻到小说中间的那页，这就是阿纳克,对他养母的描述，你总是难以与这个女人相处。
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The point of this advertisement is to make you feel like you don't have to know what the critic knows in order to read this novel.
这个广告的目的是让你觉得不用具备批评家的知识,也能读懂这部小说。
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And yet, you like him anyway, and I think that's the power of the novel, and that's why I think he's such a character.
但是，你还是会喜欢他，我想那就是这部小说的力量，那就是为什么我认为他是个很有趣的角色。
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Even if you like the novel, who else is really put off by this? Yes.
即使你喜欢这部小说，还有什么被这个题材影响的吗，是的。
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You wanted to know your place in the universe, but you don't even have that kind of knowledge either, because you think you're writing novels, finding the cure for cancer, climbing Mount Everest.
你想知道自己在宇宙里的位置，但是你连那种知识都没有，因为你以为自己是在写小说，在寻找治疗癌症的办法，在攀登珠穆朗玛峰。
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Whatever you think those are. Here, you might imagine different people disagreeing about-- oh, but throw in something--but if what you want to do is write the great American novel, then you've got the experience of staying up late at night not knowing how to make the plot work out, crushing pieces of paper and throwing them away.
你能想到的都在里面，可能有人不同意-,插入某某东西，比如你想,创作最伟大的美国小说，于是你获得熬夜的体验,纠结于如何构建情节，撕碎稿纸，扔在一边。
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We finished Black Boy last time, and one of the big questions coming out of my discussion of that autobiography is: how do you manage the question of context in reading a novel or an autobiography--in reading any text?
我们上次讲完了《黑孩子》,在关于那部自传的讨论中随之而来,的一个重要问题是：,当你在读小说、自传或者其他文本时,怎么处理上下文？
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Oprah gets page proofs of your novel.
她为你的小说来校对。
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You just wrote a really successful novel.
你写了一部很成功的小说。
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Can you make a novel, as he says in the essay, that will "sprout wings and grow claws" in secret in his mind? That's an image taken from the metamorphosis of the butterfly within the chrysalis.
你能够让一本小说，就像他在那篇文章里说的那样，会在他,脑海里秘密的“展开翅膀，伸出爪子“？，这是从蝴蝶羽化中,借鉴来的比喻。
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