The writer observes that survival is a difficult endeavor and that the world can sometimes seem harshly hostile.

作者发现，人类需要通过努力而生存,但这个世界往往是非常残酷的。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

And so yes, the signal that this field of discursivity is on the table is introduced by the name of the author but it remains just a name.

所以的确，这种公开的散漫性的信号,就通过作者的名字被介绍出来，而且也仅仅只是个名字。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

It was written through you.

作品是通过作者创作自己。

普林斯顿公开课 - 人性课程节选

That is Hirsch's other key position, and we can understand it by saying something like this: the meaning of a text is what the author intended it to mean -that is to say, what we can establish with a reliable paraphrase.

这就是赫施的另一个重要观点，我们可以这样理解它：,文章的意思是作者想要表达的,即我们通过适当的释意能够想到的。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选