It was granted a monopoly on joint stock banking by Parliament in return for giving war loans to the government.

作为向政府给予战争贷款的交换,英格兰银行被英国国会授予,成为股份制银行的垄断者。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

We agree to be junior partners in absolute rule in exchange for recognizing your supreme authority over us in exchange for the protection that you will afford us."

我们愿意臣服在您的绝对权威之下,我们将视您为无上的权力,作为交换你必须向我们提供保护"

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选