So we have system insulated from the outside world, and we have two bulbs.
我们有一个与环境隔绝的系统,和两个腔体。
There's not actually chemical covalent bonds that are formed but it's a non-covalent interaction, usually dominated by hydrogen bonding.
所以配体和受体之间不生成共价键,这是一种非共价化合反应,它们通常以氢键相联
We simplify it by saying this: that there are three fundamental textures: monophonic texture, homophonic texture, and polyphonic texture.
简而言之,有三种基本织体,单音织体,主音织体和复音织体
Being and void, being and void, so now I've got my plus two little projectile coming in, and plus two zooms right through.
有和无,有和无,现在带两个正电荷的发射体进来了,两个正电荷正好穿过。
There are two classes, two broad classes of drug sort of type ligands that are defined, agonists and antagonists.
这样的配体药物有两类,目前已经明确的配体药物大体上分为两种,分别是激动剂和拮抗剂
Last time we said we had three kinds of texture in music which are: monophonic, homophonic and polyphonic.
上一次我们说过,音乐中有三种织体,单音,主音和复音织体
They bind sometimes better than the natural ligand does, but they don't create the right biological reaction.
结合的比天然配体和受体的的结合更紧密,但不能产生相同的生物效应
Sometimes you can design drugs that act like a natural ligand without being the natural ligand.
有时你能设计具有天然配体功能的药物,但它不一定和天然配体相同
You've got an electron donor with a powerful urge to become neon-like.
你已经有了一个电子给体,它有这巨大动力要变成和氦一样的结构。
You took biology in high school, you learned the names of these organelles and their principle functions, the nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, lysosomes.
你们高中学过生物,学过这些细胞器的名称,和基本功能,细胞核,内质网,高尔基体,线粒体,溶酶体
Today let's think about it more generally as ligands and receptors.
今天我们讲讲普遍意义上的配体和受体
You have equal numbers of donors and acceptors.
你有等量的电子给体和受体。
This terminology 'ligand' and 'receptor' you've probably heard before.
你们可能听过配体和受体这两个术语
Focus on the concepts of receptors and ligands.
关注受体和配体的概念
Here's a group of sounds, different pitches and actually three different pitches in there, as opposed to just one pitch--one pitch, three pitches or three or four pitches, moving in different ways, kind of independent rhythmic chords, so that's the difference between monophonic, homophonic and polyphonic texture.
这是一组音,不同的音高,事实上三个不同的音高,相对于一个音高,一个音高,三个音高或四个音高,以不同方式运动,像有独立节奏的和弦,这就是单音,主音和复音织体的区别
We're going to take these general topics and talk about how they work in the nervous system and the immune system next time.
在下节课我会讲这些内容以及,配体-受体系统在神经系统和,免疫系统中的作用原理
Where your cells experience those states is through these extra cellular ligands called insulin and glucagon.
细胞所经历的这些状态改变是受,胰岛素和胰高血糖素这些外源配体影响
There's a diverse range of responses that might occur, but that response is initiated by this simple chemical process of a ligand binding to a receptor.
细胞对外界信号可能会发生不同的反应,但这些反应都源自,配体和受体结合这个简单的化学过程
Sometimes they inhibit by just preventing the ligand from interacting with its receptor.
有时它们只是,干扰配体和受体的相互作用
The cells that take an electrical signal, which is coming down your nerve and convert it into a muscle contraction work this way, so 'neuro' nerve, muscle junctions act based on ligand-gated ion channels.
依靠相同的工作原理,细胞将来自于神经的,电信号传递到细胞收缩肌中,所以神经和肌肉关节运动,都基于配体门控离子通道
It gets produced in response to a signal so there's a binding of a ligand to a receptor, the enzyme that does this conversion is activated and more cycle AMP is released.
这类分子的产生是对信号做出的一种反应,当配体和受体结合时,催化这种转化过程的酶被激活,更多的cAMP释放出来
应用推荐