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We'll talk more about this later, but it often happens that when you change your program to solve one problem you break it, and things that used to work don't work.
我们以后会更多的去讨论者一点，但是经常发生的情况是当你因为,一个问题修改你的程序的时候,你修改了程序,但原来没问题的模块。
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The real issue is to figure out how to build constructs out of this that tackle particular problems, but the fundamental basics of computation are just captured in that set of mechanisms.
坏消息是当然这不是真的,真正的问题是怎么来,构建解决特定的问题的这些结构，但是运算的最基本的东西,仅仅体现在机制集里。
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There's still a lot more of the text and so that first fragment a part, but I immediately begin to form an opinion about this part with respect to an imagined or supposed whole.
文本中的很多还没有读，但是那第一个片段成为了一个局部，但是我立即对这个局部有了自己的想法,并且开始设想全文。
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And this is very much deliberate on our part so you just don't feel that inevitable angst when it comes to asking what you think is a dumb question and probably isn't, but you don't need to disclose your name.
这在我们的角度上来说是非常深思熟虑的,所以你们不要认为那是必然的麻烦,当问了一个你认为是愚蠢的问题,或者可能不是，但是你不必要,公开你的名字。
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You are going to read, you are going to learn, you are going to come to lecture, I am going to hit some high points, things that I find particularly interesting, but it is not sort of well, he said we are going to read this but then he didn't talk about it in class.
你们要去阅读，要学学习，你们要来上课，我要讲些重点，是一些我发现的很有趣的事情，但是不是你们想的那种，他叫我们读这里,但是他并没有在课堂上谈论这。
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Right? Most of them aren't,or about half of them, I think,are not in the Bible,and yet they're very important for the history of Western Civilization.
但是大多数其实并不是，至少一半不是，但是对西方文明历史,却有着极其重要的意义。
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We're going to really get into this next class, but I just want to introduce it to you to give us a start, and many of you have used Lewis structures in high school, but we'll be doing some much more challenging Lewis structures, I can assure you, in this class here.
其实我们下节课才会详细介绍它，但是今天我只想以简单介绍作为开始，大部分同学在高中就用过路易斯结构了，但是我们会遇到一些更具挑战性的,路易斯结构，我可以向大家保证，在这门课中会的。
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Maybe you're paying me indirectly, but I shouldn't be collecting money from you and then awarding grades; that wouldn't be right, but that's what has started to happen.
也许你们正在间接的给我发薪水,但是我不应该从你们手里拿钱,然后按钱给学分,那样是不对的,但是事实就是这样发生了
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But they also serve another very important function, and that was the formation and maintenance of a differentiated ethnic identity or in Priestly parlance, the formation and maintenance of a holy peoples separated out from other nations by rules that mark her as God's people.
但是它们也有另外一个很重要的功能，这个功能形成并维护了,一个分化的种族身份，或者用神职人员的说法，这些规则促使了神圣民族的形成和保持,这个民族和其他的城邦区别开来，被标记为上帝的子民。
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But the other reason to go through the thermodynamic cycles and really to develop great facility with them is because there are just an awful lot of things in nature and things that we build that run in cycles, where we want to calculate the thermodynamics, right.
但是要推导热力学,循环并为之发展一套,完善方法的另外一个原因是,自然界中或人造的那些,我们想计算它们的热力学的东西,有很多是以循环的方式运作的。
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Okay. I can't read it but two minutes and fifty seconds, two minutes--this one's only two minutes, three minutes and twenty seconds, that kind of thing.They're short, whereas Beethoven,as mentioned,is much longer.
好，我读不出但是它唱2分50秒，两分钟，这首歌只有两分钟，3分20秒，基本都是这么长，它们都很短，但是我们刚才说的贝多芬就要长的多。
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Because even if the soul is invisible, 5 if, nonetheless, contrary to what Socrates was claiming, invisible things can be destroyed, then maybe the invisible soul can be destroyed as well.
因为即使灵魂是无形的5,像第五点所说的那样,但是和苏格拉底的观点相反的是，无形的东西可以毁灭，那无形的灵魂,也许同样可以毁灭。
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The notion that this is about the Mycenaean world is an outlier, and then I would say the largest consensus is something like Finley's consensus, but people verging in both directions from that.
那些认为这是关于,迈锡尼时期的观点的人也是无知的,我想芬利的观点大概是最主流的,但是人们似乎理解地有些极端
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Number one, the basic structure is that you have a pointer and it points over to a pointee, but the pointer and pointee are separate and the common error is to set up a pointer but to forget to give it a pointee.
第一，基本结构是，你有一个,指向数据的指针，但是那个指针和数据,是分开的，通常错误是声明了一个指针,但是没有指向一个数据。
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You're going to see the arguments about space if you take some of the courses that follow on, and again, some nice courses about that. For this course, we're not going to worry about space that much. What we're really going to focus on is time.
在以后的其他课程上你们,会学到一些关于空间的参数,一些讲这个的,很不错的课程，但是在这门课上,我们并不太关心空间问题,我们真正关心的是时间问题。
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If you're writing a one line function, whose sole purpose in life is addition, and, clearly, this is about addition, well, then it's, in fact, A reasonable to use a shorter symbol like A, but I do have to specify it's type.
如果你在写一个一行的函数，它唯一的目的是,做加法，显然这是关于加法的，好的，实际上，用一个短的标识符是合理的，像，但是我必须指明它的类型。
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But for the next week or two when you're writing programs, at least for the first time, generally if you're trying Scratch to debug them like you might have been trying to troubleshoot Scratch, you're probably going to reason - through it by looking through the your code -- -- top to bottom, maybe engage a staff member for help -- but your friend will also be printf.
但是，在接下来的一两周内，当你们写程序的时候，或至少在第一次写的时候，通常如果你在调试程序,就像你们可能已经试着调试过,你们或许是通过查看你们的代码,来推断你们的程序-,从头到尾，可能还需要别人的帮忙-,但是你的朋友也将要打印输出。
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So you recognize patterns and then develop a model, and most desirably a quantitative model A quantitative model that explains the observations, obviously.But what Mendeleev did was he came up with a model that not only explained what we observed.
所以你们得到这些模式，发展成一个模型，和最令人向往的定量模型,一个定量模型明显地解释所有的观察结果，但是门捷列夫做的是,他提出的模型不仅解释了,我们观察到的东西。
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You've been listening to your parents' records and CDs and so maybe-- I'm delighted that you know this, but maybe this is too far below your dignity here so-- but good for you.
你已经听过很多父母的老唱片了,我高兴你明白这点,但是也许这些对于你来说太浅显了,但是还是对你有好处的
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Nothing is said of Moses' childhood, But we learn of his awareness of his Israelite identity, or his identification with the Hebrews, in the following passage: this is in Exodus 2:11-15: Some time after that, when Moses had grown up, he went out to his kinsfolk and witnessed their labors.
丝毫没有提到摩西的童年，但是我们却知道他意识到自己以色列人的身份，或者是他与希伯来人的身份关联，在接下来的《出埃及记》第2章11到15节中：,在那之后，摩西长大了，他出去看到了他的同族和他们的劳作。
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But the things we were trying to stress were that it's an important design decision when you are coming up with a piece of code, as to what kind of efficiency your code has.
但是我们这里要强调的是,当你写代码的时候,决定你的代码的效率的很重要的事情，就是你的设计决定。
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But you can see the comparison between these two.
但是他们有时是内在就是这样的,但是你可以看到这两者之间的比较。
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The question of providential justice is of course of primary significance to Milton's poem, but Hartman goes on to say that the moon, which reminds us of a calm and perfect sense of Providence, also works to guarantee the principal of free will.
这里，关于天佑的公平的问题,是其对于弥尔顿的诗最基本的重要性，但是哈特曼接着又说月亮是，这提醒了我们天意的冷静和完美感，月亮在这儿也是为了保障自由意志的原则。
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As I say, there's a certain instability which could never apply in the semiotics of the stoplight because there it's not so much a question of but rather the insistence that the color is just that color.
我承认，颜色的选择有时候是有规律的,但是在语义学上这解释不通,因为他们不考虑,但是语义学家认为颜色只单纯表示颜色。
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OK, once it gets to the end of that, what's it going to do? It's going to come down here and, oh. What's that doing? Well I cheated when I started. I said, somebody's giving me a perfect square, I'm looking for the square root of it. But suppose 15 I gave this thing 15, and asked it to run.
好，一旦到了循环的最后，程序会去做什么？程序会跳到这里来,噢，这是干什么的？好吧,当我开始的时候我有点小作弊的意思,我说过，我得到了一个完美的平方数,我要求这个数的平方根,但是假设下我得到的数是。
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But you see the difference. Great question, and a very important thing to understand, and that's why I'm belaboring this point, since this is where people tend to get pretty confused, and this is why mutation is very important to understand. Yeah.
但是你们已经发现区别了，这问题挺好的，并且有重要的一点需要我们去注意的是，人们经常对可变性这一点感到很迷惑，但是可变性是很重要的,我们需要理解它,这也是我经常强调这一点的原因。
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But because in many cases we can reasonably either model or measure equations of state, collect data for a material for its temperature, pressure, volume relations, then in fact if we can relate all these quantities to those then in fact we really can calculate essentially all of the thermodynamics. For the material.
但是因为在很多情况下,我们能够合理的给出状态方程的模型,或者通过收集一个物质的，温度，压强和体积之间的关系,来测量其状态方程，所以实际上我们可以给出压强等物理量,和热力学势之间的关系,并计算出所有的热力学势，对于给定的物质。
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The answer is I can't. OK, in the simple case of integers I can, but in the case of something more complex like faces or fingerprints or passwords for that matter, it's hard to design a hash function that has completely even distribution, meaning that it takes any input into exactly one output spot.
答案是我不能，好吧,在简单的整数的例子中,我可以做到，但是在一些更复杂的场景中,比如面部，指纹，密码相关的问题中，很难设计一个哈希函数具备完全平均的分配,也就是说，做到对任一输入，可以准确地得到相应的唯一输出,因此在一个哈希问题中。
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