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Here's a copy of a letter to Pound by Yeats when they were both living in London.
这有一份叶芝写给庞德的信,他们当时都住在伦敦。
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And then otherwise, I researched them online. I researched their CEO.
另外，当时我也在网上搜了他们的资料，查了查他们的首席执行官。
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It was a new idea that broke with the ideas of its neighbors, and those people were the Israelites.
他们的新观点使他们在当时，格格不入，他们是犹太人。
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She was part of the clinical trial that did this, and they gave everybody certificates after it was done.
她当时就在参与疫苗的临床试验,试验后他们会给每个参与者颁发一个证明
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They can pretty much pack it up and go home, because everyone's going to think they're ridiculous, no one will believe what they say, and it's a stupid idea anyway, is basically the gist of this conversation.
他们就可以打包回家了，因为每个人都会认为他们很荒谬，没有人会相信他们的说法，这是个很愚蠢的想法，这就是他们当时谈话的大概意思。
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In other words, the teaching fellows I had in those days who knows? They may rise up against me in the same way this semester -but the teaching fellows I had in those days said, "You can't teach an introduction.
也就是说，当时我教的那些学生,谁知道呢？，这学期他们也有可能以同样的方式反驳我,当时我教的那些学生说，“你不能教入门。
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You see it again on 209, a little later in this scene. His suspicion is aroused when a car pulls up next to them as they're heading out of town.
在209页，这个场景的后半部分，你将再次看见他产生怀疑,当时他们正走在去镇里的路上，一辆车停在他们旁边。
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They said, no more new houses to be built, so everyone thought--in fact they were talking about World War III, they were really scared.
他们说,禁止新建住宅,因此当时人们都认为,要爆发第三次世界大战,人们都很害怕
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And, so, the idea of the freeborn Englishperson, Englishman is what they would have said in those days, meant that rights of parliament had to be respected.
当时他们自称为"生而自由的英格兰人",这一称呼就意味着,国王必须尊重议会权力
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What they cared about-- because the Roman Republic by this time was basically a bunch of very important households, wealthy men and their households, and they were the members of the Senate, they were the knight class, they were the people who ran Rome.
他们在乎的是。。。因为当时的罗马共和国,实际上就是一群举足轻重的家户，富有男子及其家户所组成，他们是元老院成员，是骑士阶级，罗马的统治者。
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And there you are looking at them, trying to protect their city.
你们看到的这些人当时正在,努力保卫着他们的城市
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we can run the engine backward and build a refrigerator, if you've got your lecture notes from last period your 8-9, well, they're labeled 8-9 lecture notes, I made an attempt to define something which was a little bit misguided.
现在我们可以把热机倒过来,制作一台制冷机，如果你们拿出上节课的笔记,也就是8-9节，好的，他们在8-9节，当时我试着,定义了一些,有些误导你们的物理量。
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Some years ago, when I was a graduate student, I was at Oxford in England and they had men's and women's colleges. They weren't yet mixed and the women's colleges had rules against overnight male guests.
很多年前，我在英国牛津读研究生时,他们有男校和女校，当时还没有合并,而女校有禁止男客过夜的规定。
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And if I think back to my own childhood again, not that that was the glory days by any means, but I mean people weren't falling over hour after hour from dehydration because they didn't have a water bottle with them.
如果我回忆一下自己的童年,不是说我的童年有多光辉灿烂,而是我想说当时人们也没有因脱水而倒下,而因为他们没有随身携带水壶
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And they've decided to go to the Criterion, or the local movie house, and there were these three movies showing, and they're all excited about going to this movie except being Economics majors and not very good at dating, they have forgotten to tell each other which movie they're actually going to go to.
他们想要找一家电影院约会,当时这三部电影正在上映,他们想到要一起看电影都很兴奋,虽然那些经济系的木头不太会约会,他们忘了告诉对方,去看哪一部影片了
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At the time, they were getting ready for the Olympics in Nagano so we were able to also tie in some information about the Olympics as well.
当时，他们正在,为长野奥运会做准备,因此，我们也讨论了,有关奥运会的话题。
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And then, they tried to make an overarching theme, an overarching theme, to go to the heavens.
当时，他们试图创造一个重要的主题，一个重要的主题，就是前往天堂。
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Yeah, good. So, they're actually helium atoms, helium ions. And this wasn't really important for the studies, it didn't matter that didn't know what they are but it's nice to kind of know now - that we do know what they were using.
氦粒子，这对他们的研究并不重要,他们并不需要知道它是什么,但我们最好知道,他们当时用的是什么。
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As of then, I calculated the value of their oil in the North Sea and that's what I got-- it's worth about 3.5 billion Norwegian Kroner.
我计算了当时他们拥有的北海石油的价值,这是我的计算结果-,它价值35亿挪威克朗。
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They had to go from Italy, because much of Italy was controlled by Spain, through the Alps all the way up along the Rhine and finally get into the Dutch Republic.
他们不得不穿过意大利,因为当时许多意大利地区正由西班牙控制,他们从阿尔卑斯山一路,沿着莱茵河,最终深入荷兰共和国腹地
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I guess they didn't have our language, they didn't-- they were intuitively halfway there but they couldn't express it, so I think the industry didn't get really started.
我猜当时并没有专业的词汇,他们未能...,他们有想法,却无法表述,所以我认为那只是保险业的雏形
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They sort of seemed--even though they didn't say anything, when we were talking to them, when they were sort of pleased, we took that to mean that that was what they were doing.
他们看上去似乎-尽管他们不会说任何事情，在我们向他们阐述的时候，当他们有点高兴的时候，我们将之理解为我们做的就是他们当时正在做的。
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So, these rulers have a coercive ability in creating, and I'll come back to this, large standing armies that will be arriving not immediately, they're not arriving by train or being helicoptered in at some distant command, but they will get there if there's trouble.
这些统治者们以铁腕构建极权,稍后我会谈到这一点,一只大规模的军队,在当时很难进行远程调度,因为他们没法坐火车或者搭直升机立刻赶到,但他们最终会到达事发处
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And when their luck runs out, they'll post bad results and get fired.
当时运用尽,他们只有公布坏的结果,然后被解雇
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His father was a democrat in czarist Russia, and he was quite a reformer. At the time that the Bolsheviks took over in 1919, there was a brief window of time prior to the family's flight.
他的父亲在沙皇俄国是一个民主党人，他是一个改革家，当时布尔什维克党在1919年统治者俄国,他们家在那之后很快就离开俄国。
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But what you have are these canals.
当时他们开凿了这些运河
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When they invented fire insurance, in the 1600s, there was a lot of skepticism because anyone can burn down their house.
十七世纪时，人们发明了火险，当时存在很多质疑,因为任何人都可以烧毁他们的房子。
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Now next time, in my lecture on introducing you to Judaism, I'll talk about the importance of at least two of these empires, because they're very important for the history of Palestine and Israel at this time.
下次课讲犹太教时，我会讲到至少其中两个帝国的重要性，因为他们对当时,巴勒斯坦及以色列影响非常大。
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People lived shorter lives and so they didn't get far enough into the age span to suffer from the chronic diseases that people are suffering more today.
当时的人寿命比较短所以他们,活不到现代人那么长,长得足以患上那些慢性疾病
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