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He was seen as a sexual renegade out to destroy the conception of people as good and rational and pure beings.
他被认为是支持性本能论的,其观点试图毁掉,人是善良理性而又纯粹的这一概念。
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With each year that goes by the concepts of finance are being applied more broadly and involving more and more people.
一年一年,随着金融概念得到广泛应用,越来越多的人开始参与金融行业
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And anyway, what person with any sensitivity to greatness ? has not felt this way at one time or another?
而任何真有崇高概念的人，谁没时刻感受到,那种假情假意？
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Well, the Greeks had no concept of natural rights, or of rights that human beings were given by the gods.
当然,古希腊人没有自然权利,或者天赋人权的概念
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If a person has the basic concept down, regardless of numerical errors, if the person has the basic concept down, he or she must get at least five out of ten.
如果一个人有一些基本的概念，不管一些数字上的错误，如果他有基本的概念，至少都能够得到一半的分。
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So, we have a kind of image there of the autonomous aesthetic pleasure, right, the pleasure of imagination that's taken alone, according to one's own thoughts rather than in some broader, more social form.
好了，这就是一种自发的美学享受的情景,对，这就是独自幻想的乐趣，它出自人自己的想法，而不是一些更宽广的概念，不是一些更社会化的形式。
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The state was an abstraction, but in the person of the czar it was a reality.
国家" 只是个抽象概念,但沙皇这个人是真实存在的
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It seems to just violate one of our fundamental notions about how people work,metaphysically speaking.
这似乎违背了一个基本概念,即是从形而上学观点看关于人存在的基本看法。
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But now, it has come to light that they are the ones that do get credit for first really coming up with this idea of a spin quantum number, and it's interesting to think about how the politics work in different discoveries, as well as the discoveries themselves.
但现在我们,知道他们是,最先想出自旋量子数,这个概念的人，看各种发现中的,政治学是十分有趣的，和发现本身一样有趣。
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Okay, a lot of you have heard of it, it's a very interesting concept.
很好,很多人都听说过,这是一个很有趣的概念
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My hope is that if I do it well enough, people who aren't philosophers and are interested exclusively in conceptual analysis will get something out of it.
我希望如果我做得足够好，可以让那些不是哲学家但是,对概念分析感兴趣的人,得到一些启发。
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How many of you have heard the term used before? How may have you heard the term used before in terms of programming languages? Great. For the rest you, don't sweat it. This is a highfalutin term that computer scientists use to try and make them look like they're smarter than they really are.
这里就要引入递归的概念了,你们中有多少人以前听过这个词？,你们中有多少人在编程语言中,用过这个词？,很好，剩下的同学也不要担心,这是电脑科学家们用来让自己,显得更聪明的夸张词汇。
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But to speak of an intentional structure as a center is not at all the same thing as to speak of an intending person, author, being, or idea that brought it into existence, because that's extraneous.
但是讲到一个作为中心的意向性结构,与讲到一个创造它的人，作者，存在，或概念是完全不同的，因为那是外来的。
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But because we're now programming a computer at a lower level and because as we said last week, you really have to be precise and then careful to instruct this machine, this fairly dumb machine that will only do what you tell it to do very specific instructions, do we have to use a more precise syntax than just a puzzle piece might have previously allowed.
但是我们是要在电脑的低平台上编程不是吗？,那我们就要像我上周提到过的那样，一定要小心，小心，再小心地,操纵这台又聋又哑的机器,它只会根据你敲进去的,特定指令来做事，所以我们必须使用非常精细的语法,而不是模模糊糊，让人费解的概念。
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a little of that here with you today, to go over what Aristotle is suggesting in this idea of man, the polis animal.
我只能示范一些给你们看，要如何阅读亚里士多德所提示的概念,即人是城邦的动物。
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He rejects the idea that the city is defined simply by a group of people who inhabit a common territory the same space as it were.
他拒绝将城市简单定义为,一群人住在同一领土上的概念,即同一空间。
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These were very young scientists, of course, so what you would expect that they would do, which makes sense, is go to someone more established in their field, because they have the completely radical revolutionary idea, let's just run it by someone before we go ahead and publish this paper that makes this huge statement about this fourth quantum number.
他们是非常年轻的科学家，所以你们可以想象他们会怎么做，很自然的，他们去请教他们领域里更权威的人，因为他们的概念是彻底的革命性的，让我们在发表这个关于,第四个量子数的巨大的发现之前,先和别人讨论一下。
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If he is beneath the polis it means he's beneath what it is to a human being, and that tells you just how potent is this concept of a community for the Greeks and it emerges in its own way from the Iliad and the Odyssey.
反过来,如果一个卑微到无法进入城邦的人,那也就意味着他作为人的意义同样卑微,由此可见,集体的概念,是多么的深入希腊人的心中,在《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》中,便揭示了这一点
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And yet the concepts go into my interests and people, they are literary and it's a mixture of the two that when I'm looking and if I'm successful - which is, not very much amount of time, I put into my writing, so this is something worth exploring.
这些概念成为我兴趣的一部分,人是文学的,是二者的混合,当我的观察卓有成效时,-这种时候不常见，我就将观察记述下来，这是值得探究的。
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It seems to violate one of the fundamental metaphysical things about how people work.
这似乎违背了形而上学理论关于人存在的基本概念。
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That it is intended as a kind of joke to, in many ways, discredit the idea of the just city or at least to indicate its extreme implausibility.
目的是要用作戏谑，在很多方面，使人怀疑正义之城的概念,或至少是要指明其极难令人置信。
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