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He was responsible for writing the first justification for an armed rebellion against a legitimate monarch, the first to publish such a work in, essentially, all of Europe.
他是第一个为反对合法君主的武装叛乱,写辩护书的人，也是第一个在全欧洲将其发表的人。
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Sovereign is to have supreme command over life and death, war and peace, what is to be taught and heard.
君主对人的生死，和平或是战争,均拥有至高无上的权力，其他人等只有服从命令。
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The majority of Englishmen were calling for the return of their nation's rightful monarch. It wasn't long before the revolution failed and the Stuart monarchy was restored.
大部分英国人都在呼吁国家的,合法君主归位，不久,革命失败了，斯图亚特王朝复辟。
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From the time they formed their republics until they were conquered by alien empires, the Greeks also rejected monarchy of any kind.
无论是在城邦共和国时期,还是在异国征服时期,希腊人一直排斥任何形式的君主政体
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It replaces the nobility,the local nobles, it replaces the church, and it replaces the monarchy that most people in France did not want.
它代替了贵族阶级,地方贵族,代替了教会,代替了大多法国人所不想要的君主制
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Then on the other hand, at the other extreme, you have scholars who see the patriarchal stories as entirely fabricated retrojections of a much later age. And they vary significantly as to when they think these stories were written: anywhere from the period of the monarchy all the way down to the fourth century, some of them.
另一方面又是另一个极端，有学者认为族长故事完全是后世编造的,这样一来，对这些故事是什么时候写的,也有巨大的分歧：,其中一些人认为是在从君主制时期,到公元4世纪之间的某段时候。
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In the first place, what I want to impress upon you is that the sovereign is for Hobbes less a person than it is or he is an office.
首先，我要让你们明白，霍布斯所论及的君主,不只是一个拥有公职权力的人,更不是一个普通单纯的个人。
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Who was this strange and elusive man whose writings seem to have been enlisted both for the support of monarchy and for republics, even for a universal monarchy and a smaller participatory democratic kind of government?
这位奇怪，难以理解的人是谁,他的写作似乎同时横跨,支持君主政体及共和政体两个范畴，甚至可说是一种世界帝国,和相较下,式微的参与式共和政府？
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Well, the people who the Romans called barbarians destroyed the Western empire and it also the destroyed the power of the emperors and their efforts to impose religious and political conformity under imperial control.
那么,被罗马人称作野蛮人的民族,摧毁了西方帝国的同时也摧毁了,君主权力,以及通过王权实施,政教合一的种种努力
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But,anyway,so when France collapsed after the war, and when the Commune comes along,it seems to Royalists, that is,the people who wanted a restoration of the monarchy, that their ship had come in.So what's going to happen?
回到正题,当法国在战后崩溃,公社出现,对君主主义者来说,这些人希望君主制的复辟,他们的机会来了,将会发生什么呢
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The sovereign, he says, or Leviathan, this great artificial man, the sovereign is something more like what we would call today an office, rather than a person, as when we speak of the executive as an office.
他说，君主，或者“利维坦，这个人造的人，君主更像是,我们今天称之的“职务“，而不是一个人，就像我们说某个职务的执行官一样。
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When they're through and had reached their peak, their notion of monarchy is something fit for barbarians, but not for Greeks. A free man may not live under a monarchy, and the roots of that, I think, are visible in Homer.
当他们赢得竞争,到达权利的顶峰时,他们所谓的君主制其实更适合于异邦人,而不是希腊人,君主统治下不存在自由人,这个想法的根源可以在《荷马史诗》中找到
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