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Well, I guess it's the problem that people who teach the eighteenth-century novel always have, or the Victorian novel: the Victorian novel like the triple-decker, the three-volume novel.
好吧，我猜这个问题是,讲授十八世纪小说,或维多利亚时期小说的人经常遇到的：,像维多利亚时期的三层小说，三卷本小说。
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back when the British used to run India.
可以追溯到英国人统治印度的时期。
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We can see how whether it's the same person or not has to turn on the relations between the stages.
我们可以看到，是否为同一人,必须依赖于人在两个时期的关系。
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From the time they formed their republics until they were conquered by alien empires, the Greeks also rejected monarchy of any kind.
无论是在城邦共和国时期,还是在异国征服时期,希腊人一直排斥任何形式的君主政体
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By the same token, there is the work of Roland Barthes and some of his contemporaries--Poulet, whom I mentioned, - Jean Starobinski and others-- that was called in the French press La Nouvelle Critique.
同样的，罗兰巴特的一些作品,还有很多和他同时期的人，比如我们提到过的乔治普莱，让·斯塔罗宾斯基，还有其他人的作品-,也都被当时的法国媒体称为“新批评“
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So if the landscape invites him to grow as an imaginative person, the social world he lives in, this episode signals to us immediately, will never live up to that imagination.
假如生活氛围使他,成为一个充满想像力的人，那么他所处的社会就是这一时期，这会让我们马上感到，那种想象永不可能成真。
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Then on the other hand, at the other extreme, you have scholars who see the patriarchal stories as entirely fabricated retrojections of a much later age. And they vary significantly as to when they think these stories were written: anywhere from the period of the monarchy all the way down to the fourth century, some of them.
另一方面又是另一个极端，有学者认为族长故事完全是后世编造的,这样一来，对这些故事是什么时候写的,也有巨大的分歧：,其中一些人认为是在从君主制时期,到公元4世纪之间的某段时候。
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So, the problem we have to solve to help people like MikeIs to find ways to cause those parts of cortex to develop properly when they are children or have them re-learn as adults.
因此，我们要帮助像迈克这样的人解决的问题,就是找到他们在儿童时期使,这些皮层进行发展,或者成年以后再学习的方法。
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No. Everybody's been using that, sort of since time immemorial or at least since the sixteenth century.
不，每个人都在用它，这个进程可能可以追溯到太古时期，不过至少16世纪。
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These are pictures of two notoriously good men, Oskar Schindler and Paul Rusesabagina, each who at different times in history saved the lives of many, many people at great risk to themselves.
这是些众所周知的好人的照片,奥斯卡·辛德勒和保罗·卢斯赛伯吉纳,两人在不同的历史时期,冒着生命危险挽救了很多人的生命
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So, in the period we're talking about there are no Romans that you have to worry about.
所以我们所谈的,是处于没有罗马人的时期
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Most people saw this peace-- many people in history say it is good.
很多目睹这段和平时期。。。,历史上很多人说它美好。
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The notion that this is about the Mycenaean world is an outlier, and then I would say the largest consensus is something like Finley's consensus, but people verging in both directions from that.
那些认为这是关于,迈锡尼时期的观点的人也是无知的,我想芬利的观点大概是最主流的,但是人们似乎理解地有些极端
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So it's that combination, archaeology plus Greek tradition that lies behind the date of any city.
这是个综合了考古学和不同城邦时期下,古希腊人的传统记载得出的
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But then of course, the rise of the Enlightenment is also the rise of anthropocentrism, and by the time the Enlightenment is in full cry you get everybody from Blake to Marx to Nietzsche saying not that God invented man, but that man invented God.
但当然，文艺复兴的兴起也是人类中心说的兴起，到文艺复兴的繁盛时期,从布莱克到马克思到尼采,每个人在说不是上帝发明了人类，而是人类发明了上帝。
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I think it's proper to call it Palestine at that moment.
就伸手拾起来,用以击杀一千人 我想那个时期称他们为巴勒斯坦人很恰当
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The date that's sort of typical for the general phenomenon of colonization coming out of the mother cities of Greece is again that date we keep talking about, 750 roughly.
殖民,成为这一典型时期的普遍现象,古希腊人离开故土,开始了对外扩张,也就是我们一再提起的时期,大约在公元前750年
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The Greeks of the classical period always thought there was an earlier age that was much better than the age in which they lived, an age in which men were heroes.
古典时期的希腊人认为过去,有一个比他们所处年代,更好的时代,一个英雄辈出的时代
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So the first half of the book of Joshua contains a streamlined, idealized account according to which the Israelites managed in a relatively short period to take the central hill country, confining the Philistines to a little strip here on the coastal plain. We will come to the Philistines in a minute.
因此《约书亚书》第一部分包含了,一种流线行，理想化的叙述，据此,以色列人在相对较短的时期内设法,攫取中央山地，将腓利士人，逼至狭窄条形地带,逼至海岸平原，我们待会儿将要说到腓利士人。
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That attitude,that point of view, even after the world of Homer is gone, remains a very powerful influence on the Greeks throughout the rest of their history, so that you have built into that society an inherent conflict.
这种态度,这种观点,甚至在荷马时期之后,仍对希腊人有着强烈的影响,并贯穿于他们之后的历史中,由此使得这种冲突在这个社会中传承了下来
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Before we get to that, I should say that the Greeks have already, before this period of the polis and the period of colonization which is connected with the rise of the polis, centuries before that the greeks had already spread out from their original settlements.
在我们深究此前,我得先说,在城邦时期和殖民地时期之前,即跟城邦兴起的两个关联时期,希腊人已在数百年前,从最初的家园往外移民
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The Greeks, in Homer's world, seem to regard one just about as well as they do the other.
荷马时期的希腊人,似乎和看重其他品质一样,看重这个品质
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The Greeks are isolated during this period.
在这段时期希腊人被孤立了
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For others, it was necessary to go further and to settle the west coast of Asia Minor, which, indeed, this is a great period of Greek settlement on the west coast of Asia Minor.
对于另外一些人,则必须走得更远,在小亚细亚西海岸定居,而这事实上,确实是希腊人向小亚细亚西海岸,拓殖的黄金时期
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He suggests that there were, indeed, Greek tribes from the north who spoke Dorian dialects, who came down during this period attempting to come into the richer and better settled world of the Mycenaeans.
他认为,事实上,的确有一些,来自北方的说多里安方言的希腊部落,他们在这个时期南下试图进入,更富裕更舒适的迈锡尼人的居住地
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Well, if you take a look at the Greek civilization let us say in the classical period, those other cultures wouldn't have had a clue what the Greeks were doing, so different was the Greek experience from theirs.
如果你看一看希腊文明,让我们以古典时期为例,其他文明,都不会理解希腊人在做什么,希腊人与他们的经历是如此不同
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