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And the Aristotelian view held for a long time, but eventually it started to crumble in the light of more data.
而亚里士多德的观点在很长时间里得到了认同，但最终还是崩溃了,在越来越多的数据面前。
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He is getting us out of that Aristotelian rut and moving us back to something that makes more sense.
他将我们从亚里士多德的规律,并将我们带回到,更有道理的规律。
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In particular, Hobbes faults the universities for teaching what, for teaching the radical doctrines of Aristotleanism in the seventeenth century.
他尤其认为大学错在,在17世纪这样的时代,教授学生以激进的,亚里士多德式的教条主义。
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Pity" and "terror," these become crucial terms, the terms that Aristotle, in his Poetics, used to define tragedy.
遗憾或恐惧“,这是很关键的词，亚里士多德在《诗学》中用它，定义悲剧。
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Aristotle's Poetics we know actually not to have been one of the texts written by Aristotle but rather to be a compendium of lecture notes put together by his students.
亚里士多德的诗学其实,并不是由他本人写成的,而是有他的弟子编纂的。
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As he puts it, there's a famous syllogism that people learn in their logic classes from Aristotle.
他的说法是，人们在亚里士多德的,逻辑课堂上学到一个著名的推论。
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He was educated by Aristotle, beginning in 343.
公元前343年成为亚里士多德的学生。
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They provide a virtual education in statecraft in how to negotiate affairs in precisely the way Aristotle would have us do.
他们提供权术的实质教育,教导我们如何谈判,精确的如同亚里士多德,希望我们所能达致的程度。
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A society based simply on the mutual calculation of interests could not be a real political society for Aristotle.
一个建构在双方相互算计利益的社会,对亚里士多德而言,并不是一个真正的政治社会。
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But, to some degree, this captures some of the way in which Aristotle has been perceived over the centuries.
但在某种程度上，这捕捉了一些,几个世纪以来,人们对亚里士多德的观感。
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That leads me to the larger question you might say which is posed throughout Aristotle's work as a whole.
而这也带入一个较大的问题,且是贯穿亚里士多德,整部作品的精神。
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Aristotle understands the mixed constitution as a balance of classes--the one the few and the many.
不同于我们的宪法,亚里士多德了解混合宪法是阶级的平衡,即一人，少数人及多数人。
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We can begin to see it is clear how Aristotle's best regime differs from Plato's intransigent demand for the rule of philosopher-kings.
我们可以开始清楚地发现,亚里士多德的最佳政体,如何有别于柏拉图,对哲学家国王统治的不妥协要求。
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Only a small city, small enough to be governed by relations of trust, can be political, in Aristotle's sense of the term.
仅有一座小城，小到能由信任的关系来管治，才能称作是政治社会，这是以亚里士多德的标准看来。
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Aristotle tells us that this kind of knowledge is a kind of knowledge most appropriate to politics.
是如何形塑而成的,亚里士多德告诉我们,这类的知识,是一种最适合政治的知识。
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If this is true, Aristotle's Politics seems to stand condemned as the most antidemocratic book ever written.
如果这是真的，亚里士多德的《政治学》看似应受谴责,因它将是有史以来最反民主的著作。
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To put it simply, one could simply ask, ? what were the politics of Aristotle's Politics?
为求简约，人们可能会简略地问说，亚里士多德的《政治学》是何种政治？
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Their distinctive customs manners laws habits moral dispositions and sentiments and Aristotle's constitutional theorizing begins by asking a simple question.
意即他们特有的习惯，风俗，法律，习性,道德意向及社群观感,而亚里士多德的本质理论化过程,是透过提问一个简单的问题。
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Aristotle's political science then is ultimately the supreme science of statecraft a term that again we don't hear much about--statecraft or statesmanship.
亚里士多德的政治科学,绝对是极致的权术科学,这是一个我们不太能听到的词汇,权术或领袖风范。
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Aristotle's statesman Aristotle's statecraft his political science is a form of political mediation how to bring peace to conflict ridden situations.
亚里士多德的政治家,亚里士多德的权术,他的政治科学是一种政治斡旋的形式,如何将和平带入满是冲突的情势。
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Hobbes set himself up as the great anti-Aristotle, the great opposition to Aristotle.
霍布斯认为自己是杰出的“反亚里士多德“者，是对亚里士多德伟大的颠覆。
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The antiquity of a law alone is no justification for its usage. Aristotle seems to reject you might say Burkean conservatism long before the time.
法律的古老性不能作为其用法的借口,亚里士多德似乎事先拒绝,你可能会说柏克式的保守主义,古老与传统并不能。
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Yet, we should also avoid the second, equally powerful temptation, which is to reject Aristotle out of hand, because his views do not correspond with our own.
另外我们还要避免第二种，同样强大的诱惑，那就是拒亚里士多德于门外，因为他的观点不见容于我们的年代。
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Who knows maybe they're right but Aristotle would deny it.
天晓得，也许他们是对的,但亚里士多德必会加以否定。
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And it takes you through to the Aristotelian theory.
然后回顾亚里士多德的理论。
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It also entails for Aristotle, interestingly, the power of love.
有趣的是，对亚里士多德而言，它还必须包含爱的力量。
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Here is where Aristotle's analysis gets in some ways maddeningly tricky because in many ways of his general reluctance to condemn any regime out of hand.
这就是亚里士多德的分析在某些方面,令人抓狂却微妙的地方，因为,在很多方面，他显然不愿,立即谴责任何政体。
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Aristotle, who was increasingly being embraced by civic republicans in England of his time had been brought up, according to Hobbes, on Aristotle's teaching that man is by nature a political animal.
在霍布斯成长的年代里,亚里士多德受到英国共和派,日益增长的拥护，在霍布斯看来，亚里士多德教导人们,人类本性上是政治性的动物。
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It was, above all, the influence of the classics, Aristotle and Cicero in particular, that Hobbes regards as an important cause for the recent civil war and the regicide of Charles I.
霍布斯认为，正是受这些古典作品的影响，尤其是亚里士多德和西塞罗的作品，才导致了最近内战的爆发,和对查理一世国王的处决。
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For centuries, Aristotle's authority seemed to go virtually unchallenged.
几个世纪以来,亚里士多德的权威似乎无可动摇。
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