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We then promised to move to an emphasis on psychological matters, and finally social and cultural determinants of literature.
然后我们把重点转移到了心理学，最后还讨论了社会和文化对文学的决定因素。
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so ideally I sort of want to get a Ph.D with sociology so that I can go international travel,
所以，理想状态下，我有点想要拿到社会学的博士学位，这样我就可以跨国旅游了，
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All that is solid melts into air," Karl Marx said, evoking the accelerating transformation of modern economic and social life.
正如卡尔马克思所说，“一切坚不可摧的都烟消云散了“,唤起了现代经济和社会生活,产生变革的加速。
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That played a powerful role in my life in terms of connecting faith and social justice for me. -Right.
那在我的生活中发挥了强大的作用,它帮助我将信仰和社会正义相连，-对。
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By 1860 there were approximately 4,000,000 slaves in the United States, the second largest slave society slave population--in the world.
截至1860年,美国大约有,四百万的奴隶,也因此使之成为了,世界历史上的第二大奴隶社会
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This is...isn't this an example of kind of thing that... ? a socialist would refer to as market failure?
莫非这正好验证了。,社会主义者关于资本主义市场失效的理论？
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Then a bunch of terrible things obviously begin to happen that shake the security of this society, and ultimately bring it down.
然后,显然一些可怕的事情开始发生了,它动摇了社会的安定,最终导致其崩溃
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This is a consumer society; in the 1950s it was already very much so.
这是一个消费者的社会，在50年代就几乎是这样了。
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The problem is recurringly in society that it's just horrible designs.
这个问题在社会中反复地出现,那就是可怕的设计了。
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We can take the research and apply it, which goes back to the point why it is so important to bridge Ivory tower and Main Street.
并应用到现实中，又回到了那个问题，为什么,搭起学校与社会的桥梁如此重要。
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Is it a book about the power of poetry and myth, what we would call the whole domain of culture to shape souls and to shape our societies?
这是本关于诗学与神话力量的书吗，即我们所谓形塑灵魂的文化整体范畴,同时亦形塑了我们的社会？
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He spent his entire career at Yale and he wrote-- He was Head of our social sciences department, before we had separate departments of economics and psychology, etc.
他将毕生奉献给了耶鲁,而且他写了...,他是社会科学系的主任,社会科学系是,经济学系与心理学系等系的前身
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And Meltzoff finds that babies more often than not stick their tongues out back, suggesting some sort of social connection from one person to another, and then later on babies are mimics.
迈尔左夫发现,婴儿往往会把舌头伸出来再缩回去,表明了人与人之间的某种社会联系,也说明了婴儿是模仿者
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And furthermore from that, let's say they survive and then they become productive members of society who go home and start like a million charity organizations and this and that and this and that.
此外，假定他们活了下来,回家以后成为对社会更加有益的公民,比如创建了无数的慈善机构,或者诸如此类的。
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And should we look at more broadly in seeing that what makes America, America would make her society.
将眼界放得更宽些，什么造就了美国,美国应该造就自己的社会。
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She's exposing the uncomfortable affinity between two competing, equally progressive social movements.
她揭露了这两股互相竞争，同样激进的社会运动间的尴尬关系。
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In each of these cases we end up with a bad outcome, so this is socially important.
这些情况都导致了糟糕的结果,所以这点在社会层面上很重要
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And the hippodrome, which becomes the circus in Latin-- that's just the Latin translation of hippodrome, because as you'll see, Romans started adopting a lot of these, which were originally Greek institutions, into their society also.
后来赛马场到了拉丁语里变成了马戏表演场-,那是拉丁语对赛马场的翻译，你们以后会学到，罗马人采纳了很多，原本希腊式的制度，融入了他们的社会。
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We get to modern conditions where we something like this.
我们进入了现代社会,就像这样的情况
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His view is man was happy and good before the invention of society, which society corrupts man and takes away from him his happiness.
他认为在社会形成以前,人类是幸福快乐的,社会使人类堕落并剥夺了人们的幸福
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Once they have it, and they plant permanent crops, that changes the whole basis of society and the values, and the attitudes that go with it.
一旦他们拥有了土地,他们会栽种长期作物,这就改变了整个社会的物质基础和价值观,以及处理这种问题时的态度
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Well, it's around 750, a great number of the changes that moved the Greeks away from the Dark Age kind of society to the full scale polis begin.
在大约公元前七百五十年,发生了许多变化,这些变化将希腊从黑暗时代的社会形态中拽出,进而开始了全面的城邦社会
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The rise of the polis is based upon critical, economic, military,social,and political changes, all of which produce a world that's really strikingly different from the one that was just before it.
城邦的兴起是基于关键方面,经济,军事,社会 和政治的变革,所有的一切都造就了一个,与之前的时代截然不同的新世界
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We're talking about the perceptions of other people, how we perceive other people, but social psychologists are also interested in the question of what happens to other people as a result of being perceived in a certain way.
我们谈了对别人的看法，我们对别人的看法，但社会心理学家还有兴趣知道,当我们形成对别人的看法时,别人会有什么反应。
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Last time I was talking to you about the world of Homer from the side of, you might say,the life of the mind rather than the practical matters of society by talking about values and ethics in the world of Homer.
上节课我谈到了,荷马时期,可以说,是从精神生活的角度,而不是社会实践的角度来论述的,我们讲了荷马时期的价值观和伦理观
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I think that society has already been giving, been providing for them if anything, I think it's... everything is cancelled out.
社会也已经从中取得了相应的回报,如果还有什么的话，应该是，大家都扯平了。
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and when he lays out the ideal society in his view in the Republic, we find there are multiple rulers.
他在《理想国》一书中论述了心目中的,理想社会,我们从中能看出精英集团的存在
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It has grown enormously and really provides a way for students who have creative innovative ideas about how they could create social change, and the Pay Center works with them and tries to implement those ideas.
现在它的规模扩大了很多，真正能帮助,有创新思想的学生,实现社会的改革，和这些学生们一起工作,来实践这些理念。
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Now, in the South what developed and let's define it at least quickly what developed was one of the world's handful of true slave societies.
当时的南方变成了什么样,至少我们很快就能得出结论,当时的南方变成了世界历史上,为数不多的几个真正的奴隶社会之一
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