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For example, he begins by borrowing the Russian formalist distinction in trying to explain what fiction is between plot and story.
举个例子，他开篇在解释那种文体介于情节和故事之间时,借用了俄国结构主义的特点。
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And you used this sort of particular vantage point and you chose to in a way that really embraces pluralism.
您利用了这种特殊的有利情况,并且选择了支持多元主义。
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The structural moment of concentration on the code for its own sake cannot be avoided, and literature necessarily breeds its own formalism.
集中在代码上的结构瞬间,因为它本身的原因不可避免，文学必要地导致了它自身的形式主义。
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It illustrates Satan's self-destruction even as the main narrative of the simile portrays Satan's heroism.
这个故事讲述了撒旦的自我毁灭,尽管它也描述了撒旦的英雄主义。
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Previously humans were to be vegetarian: Genesis 1, the portrait was one in which humans and animals did not compete for food, or consume one another.
在《创世纪》1中，早期的人类是素食主义者，描绘了一幅人类和动物,不用争夺食物，不用互相残杀的景象。
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But then we went a little further, we considered those other cases and people weren't so sure about consequentialist moral reasoning.
但随着谈论的深入，我们发现在其他情况中,人们不再对后果主义道德推理那么确定了。
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I also spoke to you about the heroic ethic, which is the dominant element in this system of theirs.
我也讲述了英雄主义的伦理观,这个是他们的伦理体系中占主导地位的元素
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And, so, you have the kings there; and the whole process of absolutism, which you don't have to know about.
因此,存在君主,就存在一系列的专制主义论调,这里就不细说了
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Frost is a kind of materialist, by which I mean he calls attention to the circumstances of imagination, its limits and conditions.
弗罗斯特是个唯物主义者，这样说的原因是他引起了人们对,想象的环境的注意，它的限制和条件。
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Now pro-slavery writers were inspired by this to some extent, but many of them will simply convert it.
某种程度上,这给了亲奴主义作家灵感,但是他们中许多人会转变这种观念
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and this is something I'm going to return to on Wednesday actually, behaviorists have provided powerful techniques for training, particularly for nonverbal creatures.
实际上我周三的时候会来讲讲这个，行为主义者们发明了,在训练非言语生物方面，非常有效的训练技术。
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There is nothing more symptomatic of the growth of absolute rule than the growth of powerful armies.
没有什么比日益扩充的强大军队,更能代表绝对主义了
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Well, that had to be the whole collective in the war on terror and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan that followed on.
那就是所有,打击恐怖主义的战争了,紧接着的伊拉克战争和阿富汗战争。
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And yet for others, he opened the door to John Locke and the liberal theory of government.
对其他人而言，他却为洛克的思想,以及政府自由主义理论开创了先河。
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it's humanistic psychology that has in many ways fathered and mothered, as we'll see, positive psychology.
我们很快会了解到，人本主义心理学，孕育了积极心理学。
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Now as it turns out, that's apparently deceptive there are still other alternatives open to the physicalist, but let's come to the other alternative later.
很明显，这是骗人的,物理主义者还发现了,其他的理论，我们晚点再讨论其他理论。
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The socialist idea started to lead to a number of experiments in various countries around the world that were pooling risks-- they might not have put it this way.
这种社会主义设想,引发了全世界很多国家,在风险管理上的改制与试行-,他们可能没用“社会主义“这一叫法。
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But what of it? Think as long as you can though the artist throw out the negativism in reality by means of his art. And so he ends up with this very optimistic point of view.
但这有什么关系呢？，好好地想一想,尽管这个艺术家在现实中通过艺术,驱逐了消极主义,因此他最终形成了这种乐观的观点。
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While Milton decided against writing an explicitly political nationalist poem, he did see himself as writing a poem that performed some kind of political function.
尽管弥尔顿决定要写的不是,有政治性的民族主义诗歌，他也让这首诗,发挥了一定政治作用。
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Toward the end of the discussion just now Victoria challenged the premise of this line of reasoning that's libertarian logic.
刚才，就在讨论即将结束之前,维多利亚质疑了,自由主义逻辑推理的前提。
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That is, I think, essentially the difference between what we have been talking about so far, even though there have been a variety of outlooks, and what we are talking about now.
我想这就是形式主义者,和伊瑟尔的不同了，尽管大家对于我们这堂课有很多展望，对于我们现在的学习也有很多期待。
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Does it represent Yeats's own early cultural nationalism and the work represented in The Wind Among the Reeds and other early poems?
它是否代表了叶芝早期,文化民族主义和苇间风里,收录的及其他一些早期诗歌？
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In many ways, brought about the movement toward humanistic psychology and through that-- positive psychology.
反而向人本主义靠近了，并由此产生了-,积极心理学。
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And through this way behaviorists have developed token economies where they get nonhuman animals to do interesting things for seemingly arbitrary rewards like poker chips.
通过这种方式,行为主义者们发明了代币法,他们用一种特定的类似于扑克筹码的奖励,来训练非人类动物。
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But by the time Milton begins writing his epic, he abandons his plan for a nationalistic poem, a nationalist poem, and decides instead to use the subject matter that he had been intending for that prospective tragedy, Paradise Lost.
当弥尔顿开始写史诗的时候，他放弃了原来写民族主义诗歌的计划，转而决定用他本来打算写的悲剧,《失乐园》的主题。
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How many think that it does succeed of arguing within utilitarian terms for a distinction between higher and lower pleasures?
有多少人觉得它成功地,在功利主义范畴区分了高级和低级快乐？
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In structuralism, if something emerges, it emerges from between two things.
结构主义中，如果某事物出现了，它出现于两事物之间。
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I may or may not get back to this today, but in this question mark is the secret of deconstruction, all right?
今天我们可能不会讲到这，但是这个问号里的,是结构主义的关键秘密，知道了吧？
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The magazine, in many ways, announced and facilitated Eliot's rise to a kind of cultural authority as a taste maker, and with it certain ideas of modernism.
在很多方面，这本杂志宣告并且促进了艾略特的崭露头角,把他上升为一个测定文化品位的权威人士，同时也预示了杂志本身关于现代主义的一些思想。
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He wasn't that widely read, I must admit, but it shows us how far pro-slavery could ultimately go.
我必须承认,他的作品流传不广,但他向人们展示了亲奴主义者可以走多远
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