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Even in Aristotle's time, it appears slavery was a controversial institution and elicited very different kinds of opinions and responses.
就算是在亚里士多德的年代，奴役已经是争议性的制度,且引起了,十分不同的意见与响应。
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but also like the university system in general like, here you're living in a university with people.
而且由于大学里总体的制度规定，你在这里能够真正地与人交流。
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It looked like aristocracy coming back in the form of rich financial successes and we don't like that.
看上去就像贵族制度卷土重来了,只是这次披上了,财富与金融的外衣,所以我们不喜欢这种事情
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He is not his equal by nature and cannot be made so by human laws or human institutions.
他们天生就不平等,更不能通过世俗的法律与制度获取平等
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But the statesman again to the highest degree is the founder of regimes laws and institutions.
但政治家的致高展现即是政体,法律与制度的创建者。
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It seems to me to be evident that whatever it's other characteristics, the West has created institutions of government and law that provide unprecedented freedom for its people.
在我看来,很显然,就算各国国情千秋百态,但西方建立的政府机构与设立的法律制度,都给与其治下的公民史无前例的自由
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Financial markets similar to ours are being set up in many places.
很多地区都建立了与我们类似的金融市场制度
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Of course the price of gold never changed in the gold standard because that was the whole point of the gold standard that's if currency was convertible into gold.
当然，在金本位制度中,金子的价格从来没有变过,因为这是金本位制度,的核心所在,如果货币能够与金子转换的话。
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One way of thinking about the metaphor of city and soul together is to think of it as a particular kind of causal hypothesis, about the formation of both individual character and political institutions.
思考城市与灵魂结合的方法,是将其想象成,是一种特别类型的,因果假说，关于形塑,个人性格与政治制度。
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The reason that countries dropped the gold standard was that under the effort to keep the currency convertible into gold they were worsening the depression of the 1930s.
这些国家放弃金本位制度,的原因在于，伴随着保持,货币与金子的转换功能,三十年代的大萧条正在被加深。
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The old gold standard was supposed to maintain the convertibility of gold in currency but now we're not even backing it with currency anymore with gold anymore ? so what does it mean?
旧的金本位制度目的在于,保持金子与货币的转换功能,但是现在我们甚至都,不用货币来支持它了，或是用金子,所以这意味着什么呢？
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Now, just to give you a sense of how cold and calculated this business was, and how in many ways the first defense or justification of slavery in America is of course it certainly is by the late Antebellum Period it is an unabashed economic defense, as we'll see.
以上只是为了让你们体会到,这种交易是如何的冷酷而精明,以及战前后期第一次,美国奴隶制度的保卫与正名之战,不管怎么看,都毫无疑问,是一场赤裸裸的利益保卫战,正如我们所见
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The institutional and educational requirements of Plato's Republic share many features with a place like Yale.
柏拉图《理想国》的制度,与教育条件特色,有许多方面和耶鲁是共通的。
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So we move now from the matter of the regime as to what constitutes its citizens and its citizen body to the question of the form of the regime its forms its formalities its structures and institutions you might say.
我们因此从政体的物质,即组构公民与公民本体的物质,转向政体形式的问题,其形式其形态,其结构与制度。
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The war-like Glaucon would preside over what Socrates calls a feverish city, honors, competitions and above all war.
好战的，Glaucon，将代表着,苏格拉底所谓的狂热之城，将荣誉、竞争与战争制度化的城市。
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