You can imagine different products therefore, that are on the market, positioning themselves, or being positioned at different points on the line.

因此你可以想象不同的产品,不同的产品分布在,分布在市场上

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Well right now, I'm taking one of the classes called the Product Engineering Process,

目前，我上的一门课叫产品工程程序，

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A lot of the way I think about marketing is through the product itself.

我想到的多数营销方法,集中在产品自身这一媒介上。

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And much easier to purify and know what you have at the end, than if you're trying to harvest it from a whole complex organism.

最终产品的纯化和鉴定也比,从复杂的生物体上提取和鉴定容易

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So leaving aside the specific example of beer, you think about some product that has some dimension on which it varies, and we can use this model to see how competition is going to work in that market.

把啤酒的例子放在一边,你们自己想一些在某种程度上,有所不同的产品,我们使用这个模型来研究,这个市场的竞争是怎样的

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For example, Frito-Lay, before they really had to because of bad publicity, took out all of the Trans fats in their products and that was -they're the largest snack manufacturer in the world so that was a pretty significant advance for the healthiness of their foods.

例如,菲多利,为免受到舆论谴责,他们在政策发布前,就已剔除了其所有产品中的反式脂肪,他们是世界上最大的零食生产厂商,这对他们产品的健康程度也是一大提升

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I would say that in Biomedical Engineering, largely, we're still at the stage where we're trying to understand how things work and how they fail, and what materials are the right ones.

我要说的是,生物医学工程很大程度上,仍旧停留在试图探索产品的工作原理,以及寻找产品存在缺陷的原因,和选择正确材料的阶段

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