During the sixteenth century, the peacetime armies of the Continental Powers were about 10,000 to 20,000 soldiers--very, very little.

6世纪时,欧洲大陆上的强国,和平时期的军队数量很少,大约一万到两万人

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Well, it apparently is not so obvious because in the Americas, before Columbus came-- " pre-Columbian America-- there were no wheeled vehicles anywhere.

好吧，从表面上看这似乎不那么显而易见,因为在美洲大陆，在哥伦布到来之前-,在“前哥伦比亚美洲-,根本没有任何轮式交通工具存在。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

And which, in the case of England, the civil war was largely fought, to a great extent anyway, trying to prevent the English monarchy from taking on characteristics of those emerging absolute states on the continent.

其中之一是英国,［1648年的英国内战称之为 "英国资产阶级革命"］,这在很大程度上,是为了阻止英国的君主制,转变为欧洲大陆上新兴的绝对主义

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

He seems to have had some work as the state licenser, but also more importantly as the nation's Latin secretary, which means that he would compose and translate all of England's correspondence with the governments on the continent into and from Latin.

他作为国家执照签发人似乎真做了一些工作，但更重要的是,弥尔顿还担任了国家拉丁语文书，也就是说他要,把英格兰大陆上政府的所有通信,编译成拉丁文或者从拉丁文编译成英语。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选