Earnings" is kind of a theoretical concept that accountants work on and it can go up and down depending on adjustments they make.

收益则是一种由会计得出的理论概念,会因不同的调整而上下波动

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Even though the graph is going up and down, the object is moving from left to right.

虽然图上曲线是上下波动,但是物体是由左向右移动的

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

There's a lot of fluctuations in exchange rates over time.

随着时间的推移，汇率会不停地上下波动。

斯坦福公开课 - 经济学课程节选

Exchange rates go up and down.

汇率的上下波动很正常。

斯坦福公开课 - 经济学课程节选