And the motivation for choosing a pair like that is easy to see, if we look at our condition for spontaneous change or general condition.

我们这样选择的动机,很明显，如果考察我们所考虑的自发变化的条件,或者更一般的条件。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

You just change volume to pressure and basically you're looking at enthalpy under a constant -- anything that's done at a constant volume path with energy, there's the same thing happening under constant pressure path for enthalpy.

可以看到这就是把体积换成了压强,一般我们都是在一种恒定状态下,考虑焓的，任何在恒容条件下,能伴随能量变化的东西，也在恒压条件下伴随焓同样地变化,所以你可以经常。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

As I keep moving down, that part gets smaller, it's not always the initial length of the list, and you're right. But if you do the sums, or if you want to think of it this way, if you think about this more generally, it's always on average at least the length of the list.

等等，随着移动，剩下的部分越来越小，并不是初始那么长了，如果你算一算，或者你这么想，你考虑更一般的情况，平均下来至少是列表的长度。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

That's not a way that we really think about it, but I do believe that the risk level of the University's portfolio is really quite low in statistical terms -much lower than the risk level that you'd have if you had a traditional portfolio dominated by marketable securities.

这一般不是我们考虑的关键,但我相信,耶鲁投资组合的风险水平,在统计数字上是非常低的,远远低于,持有一个传统的可交易证券主导的,投资组合的beta系数

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

In other words, we need criteria for equilibrium under more general conditions than the ones that we've dealt with so far, than the one set of conditions that we've dealt with so far, which is isolated system.

换句话说,相比我们目前为止,考虑和处理的问题，我们需要更一般条件下平衡的判据,我们目前，只考虑了孤立系统。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选