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So, you can see how this can directly give us different ionization energies for any atom that we're interested in studying.
那么，大家可以理解,这种技术如何直接给出我们所要研究的,任何一种原子的所有不同的电离能。
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So, what we're looking at here is the force when we have two charged particles, one positive one negative -- here, the nucleus and an electron.
我们现在研究的是,一正一负俩个带电粒子之间的,作用力-在这里。
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Again, this is a right-handed centric thing but if you're right-handed, language on the left, math and music on the right.
重申一遍,这是以右利手为基础的研究结论,如果你是右利手,那么语言功能便定位于左半球,而数学运算与音乐则定位于右半球
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Willett is a very prominent nutrition researcher and his name will come up in a variety of context in the class.
沃尔特是一名出色的营养学研究员,以后的课会经常提到他的名字
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And I found there were very few philosophers to even touch that topic, it was just something that they just assumed that somehow, yes, of course all humans have dignity and moral status and rights.
我发现很少有哲学家,研究这一问题，他们只是理所当然的假设,是的，全体人类都有,尊严，有道德标准，也有自己的权利。
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Another study that she did-- and this is a report in her book, "Mindfulness", which I highly recommend.
她的另一项研究-,她在书中有叙述，《念》，我强烈推荐这本书。
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If you look really carefully, you could find it was not a single line but two lines, and Bohr is silent on such matters.
如果你仔细观察的话，会发现这是两条谱线而非一条，对这一研究，波尔不得不沉默。
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And being in a medical center, we always wonder where does this research lead us.
身在这样一家医疗中心，我们一直想知道这一研究的导向这里。
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Here another way of approaching it which you'll see in the first book Reality Transform.
你们会在第一本书中,《现实转型》中看到另一种研究方法。
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This, as I say, is a different use of close reading.
这也是细读研究的另一种用处。
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And so in the 1940s, a group of people led by Collier started to develop a large scale production method for making a reliable source of vaccinia virus.
在二十世纪四十年代,科利尔带领一群人开始研究,一种大规模的生产方法,这种方法能制得牛痘病毒的可靠来源
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Forward rates I wrote a survey article years ago about the term structure of interest rates and I wanted to find out who was the originator of the term "forward rate."
远期利率,很多年前我写过一篇,研究利率期限结构的文章,我想知道谁是"远期利率"这个词的创始人
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I went to graduate school of Princeton University in computer science and now i am an assistant professor of Stanford University in the Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics My work is reseaching the technology to change the way people go about making music, listening to music and interacting or relating with each other by music.
在普林斯顿大学取得,计算机科学博士学位后,我现在是,斯坦福大学,数字音乐研究,中心的一名助理教授,我的工作是通过研究技术,来改变人们创作音乐，倾听音乐,以及通过音乐,相互交流的方式。
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Other studies, some of them-- Well, here's another study by Rene Baillargeon looking at the same thing in a different way.
还有些其他的研究,这是勒奈·巴亚热昂所进行的另一项研究,通过不同的方式去观察同一个物体
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Let's say you get ten thousand people in a large study.
假设一项大的研究中有一万个调查对象
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He might spend an entire afternoon deliberating on which principle of categorization he should apply to files.
他可能花一整个下午研究,他应该给文件用哪种分类方法。
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- Come back. The last set of studies-- ? Have you talked about Schacter, Singer's "Emotions"?
回来，最后一项研究-,你们是否谈论过沙各特和辛格的“情绪现象“吗？
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And this is, in fact, one way they study color vision in babies.
实际上,这是一种研究婴儿颜色视觉的方法
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From that standpoint, from that theoretical standpoint, comes a methodological approach which is, if they're all the same then you could study human learning by studying nonhuman animals.
从这个理论观点中，可以得出一种研究方法,即，如果人类与动物并无差别,那你就能通过研究非人类动物的学习过程,来研究人类的学习过程。
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Let me share with you one study to illustrate what I mean.
下面我用一项研究来说明。
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You know a lot of psychology and a lot of stuff and you're well prepared for your ultimate major in psychology, ultimately graduate training at a good school.
届时你们就会懂得很多心理学的知识,你们就可以准备好,选择心理学作为你的主修，选一间好学院读研究生。
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In fact there's research-- for example, this was done with internists, doctors, who are giving a very difficult, very difficult question connected to a liver problem that an individual patient had.
实际上有这样一项研究-,在内科医生，医生中间进行，向他们提出一个，与肝脏问题有关的很困难的问题,那是一个病人的病症。
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Now, the good news in all of this is the studies that looked at physical attractiveness in this way were just looking at what predicts a second date after a first date.
好消息的是,这只是一种研究生理吸引力的实验,关注点是,预测相亲后约会可能性的因素。
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But it's a different way of approaching things.
但这是研究事物的一种不同方式。
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This is mainly a research tool now, but there's lots of reasons to believe that this is going to change the way that physicians practice medicine by allowing them to diagnose or predict what's going to happen to you in ways that they can't currently.
这项技术现在还只是一种研究工具,但我们有理由相信,它将改变,内科医生诊疗实践的方式,因为它能让医生,诊断或预测出病人将要得的病,这是他们现在做不到的
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The other way that they define - or find stem cells is that over the years of studying them we've begun to recognize some of the proteins, the specific proteins that are produced by these characteristic cells.
而另外一种能让研究人员定位,或者找到干细胞的方法就是,多年研究后,我们开始能识别一些蛋白,这些特定的蛋白是由,这种特殊的细胞生成的
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This was serious study.
这是一项非常严谨的研究。
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One, there's a growing amount of literature showing that Mediterranean--eating the Mediterranean Diet has protected against a number of diseases, but also there was a study on this that just came out on Friday, and I'd like to discuss the results of that particular study.
首先越来越多的文献指出,地中海式饮食可以预防多种疾病,另外上周五有一篇新发表的研究,我一会儿会讲讲这项研究的研究结果
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What this is, is you take a group of studies on an issue, you pool them all together, and then you weight studies differently depending on factors like how large they were, how good their methods were, and then you come out with overall estimates about the impact of something, in this case the Mediterranean Diet, on health outcomes.
所谓荟萃分析就是将某一问题的一组研究,汇总起来,并根据某些因素,赋予这些研究不同的权重,如基于研究的大小,研究方法的好坏等,然后得出关于某事物的影响的总体评估,在地中海式饮食中就是指健康结果
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The study of what you don't need your brain to do has often drawn upon this weird methodology where— This was actually done in France a lot where they would decapitate people and when— After they decapitated people, psychologists would rush to the body of the headless person and sort of just test out reflexes and stuff like that.
对那些无需大脑参与行为的研究,经常会用到一种古怪的研究方法,实际上这种研究曾在法国出现过多次,因为在法国,犯人会遭到斩首,当犯人遭到斩首后,心理学家们会冲到无头躯体那里,检验躯体的反射行为,以及一些其他的行为
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