But vaccines, and particularly in the last hundred years, vaccines have been one of the most important elements in our progress.
但是疫苗,尤其是在近一百年来,疫苗已经成为,感染性疾病防治进程中最重要的一环
that's a long time ago, more than... well, about a hundred years, but I think,
那是很久以前,多过……嗯,差不多一百年了,但是我觉得,
In the years of the Mycenaean period, roughly from 1600 to 1100 or so B.C., you are dealing with a largely unified culture.
在大约公元前一千六百年,至公元前一千一百年,迈锡尼文明时期,你将看到一个高度统一的文化
The problem is that you get tired of doing math after a while, 100 years, 1,000 years, a million years, whatever it is.
问题是经过一段时间后你会厌倦数学,不管是一百年还是一百万年。
So, let's see how some of this works, and hopefully your counterparts from 100 years ago would also be able to think about how this works, even if they don't have the quantum mechanics behind the individual electron configurations for atoms.
那么,下面让我们来看一下它是怎么用的,希望一百年前想你们一样的同学,也能够弄懂它为什么能用,尽管他们没有量子力学,不知道原子的电子排布。
And that makes it for me a very exciting time to study this because the problems aren't solved in the way that bridge building is largely a solved problem now.
对于我而言,这是一个非常激动人心的时代,因为一百年前桥梁建设中难以解决的问题,在今天都得到了解决
There have also been one hundred-year bonds and there have also been perpetuities that-- in the UK, for example, the British Consoles-- have no expiration date and they have infinite maturity.
还有更长期的一百年债券,还有一种永续年金,比如说英国的大英统一公债,没有过期日,永不到期
And,so,instead of having where before you had something like one- hundred tolls you had to pay on the Loire River, if you're transporting some goods, they eliminate all those tolls, they try to create uniform weights and measures, and that'll take one-hundred years before that really works.
相对于从前,诸如你想,通过卢瓦尔河运输货物,你必须支付一百元的过路费,他们取消了所有此类收费,他们尝试建立统一的度量单位,这些想法在一百年之后才得以实现
It was either a hundred years or eight...
可能是一百年或者八……
Phineas Gage was a construction worker about 100 years ago.
大约一百年前,菲尼亚斯·盖奇是一名建筑工人
So here I am, 100 years, 1,000 years, around 500,000 years, whatever it may be.
经过一百年,一千年,经过50万年后。
The Greeks are totally illiterate from around 1100 to 750.
希腊人从公元前一千一百年到前七百五十年,完全就是文盲
There is no writing in Greece from let us say 1100 or so on until the middle of the eighth century B.C., rough date 750 and then the writing that they do have is completely unrelated to the writing that was lost.
没有文字记载的时期是从,公元前一千一百年左右到,公元前八世纪中叶,差不多是公元前七百五十年,而之后他们拥有的文献,就完全与那些遗失的史料脱钩了
We're maybe where civil engineering and bridge building was 100 years ago.
这个水平可能与土木工程和桥梁学,一百年前的研究水平相同
So it's really neat to think that your counterparts 100 years ago right here at MIT could have been sitting in a class where they had Lewis as their lecturer, and he's putting forth these ideas -- these are actually his lecture notes, even though it wasn't even published yet, and giving this idea of Lewis structure, which is exactly what we keep using today in order to make a lot of these predictions.
因此会有很棒的感觉,当想一想一百年以前像你们一样,在这上学的同学可能正坐在教室里,听路易斯讲课,而他正在提出这些想法-,-而这些正是他的课堂讲义,尽管当时还没有发表,但已经给出了路易斯结构的思想,这正是我们直到今天都一直在用的,用它来做很多预测。
The graph is something I showed you on the first day of class, that over the last hundred years in particular, but what's shown on this slide is over the last 300 years.
第一节课我就给你们展示过这幅图,该图特别地关注了近一百年的情况,但它涵盖了过去三百多年的历史
To become the biggest publishing monolith in the world, it takes maybe a hundred years, so his father in Australia started buying up newspapers.
要成为出版业内最大的垄断商,也许要花一百年,他的父亲在澳大利亚,就开始收购各类报纸
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