And I wanted to do it a different way which is a little bit convoluted, but it introduces the idea of a thermodynamic cycle, and it's something that we're going to use a lot in the class.
现在我将用另一种,有些复杂的办法来推导这一关系,在这一过程中引入,我们今后会常接触到的,热力学循环的概念。
I lived with Italians and, um, my entire life was not in English, um, for a year, um, which I loved,
我和意大利人住在一起。所以,整整一年的时间,我都没有接触英语。当然,我挺喜欢这样一段经历的。
While it would touch my mom and her life, it would be so in an indirect way.
不过却可以接触到我的母亲和她的生活,这是一种间接性接触。
Well really, the things we've looked at thus far can you do after just a semester of this kind of material and exposure to this particular world.
当结束这样一门课时,你是不是能通过学习和接触计算机科学,也做出我们刚刚看到的这些东西。
We're thinking about the particular antibody that binds to this antigen that you're exposed to.
现在,我们考虑一种特殊的,与你所接触的抗原相结合的抗体
So, interdependence is one thing but what's maybe more interesting is that simple contact with other people.
互相依赖是其中一股力量,但更有趣的另一股力量是,和他人的简单接触。
Yeah. I think it's a really artistic and fun approach to really harsh topics.
有很多。我发现接触这些严肃的话题是一种高雅愉悦的感受。
Gravity is one force that acts on a body without the source of the force actually touching it.
引力是一种受力物体收到了力的作用,但却没有接触施力物体的力
And then she is gripped with--as she says, "overcome all at once"-- by a need to touch him, as if she could not believe in him or would not remember him.
然后,就像她说的,“突然克服了“一样,她被一种接触他的需要紧紧握住,就像是她不能够相信他,或者是记得他。
This is basically head to head with nature.
这一工作要与自然亲密接触。
Then we're going to take these plasmid vectors and we're going to somehow put them in contact with cells in such a way that the cells ingest the DNA and they use it.
然后要使这些质粒载体,以一种特别的方式与细胞接触,让细胞吞入质粒载体并使之表达
You could probably find some antigens that don't follow exactly this behavior, but in general, this is the kind of behavior you would see on first exposure to an antigen or vaccine, called the primary exposure, and on subsequent exposure to an antigen or vaccine called the boost.
可能你也会发现,一些抗原并不完全遵循这种模式,但通常来说,在你首次接触一种抗原或疫苗时,都能观察到这种模式,它被称为初次免疫,而接下来的,再次接触抗原或是疫苗被称为增强免疫
By cell/cell contact, I mean that there's a receptor in one cell that makes some kind of a chemical interaction with a receptor in another cell.
通过细胞之间的接触,我的意思是在一种细胞上的受体,能与另一细胞上的受体发生某种化学反应
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