I can then subsequently lose an electron from the lithium ion. Lithium ion loses an electron to become lithium 2plus.

然后我能在锂离子中，失去一个电子,锂离子失去一个电子,变为二价锂离子。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

The reason is because we already have a full valence shell for our hydrogen, it doesn't want any more electrons.

原因是因为我们的氢,已经有一个排满的价壳层了，它不再需要多余的电子了。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And then a lithium 2plus still has an electron.

然后二价锂离子仍有一个电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So chlorine, if we talk about it in terms of electron affinity, we would be writing that we're actually gaining an electron here, and getting the ion, c l minus.

那么，氯，如果我们要讨论它的电子亲和能，我们会假设它真的得到了,一个电子而变成离子，负一价的氯。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So a plus two ion means that we're removing two electrons from the atom and the electrons that we're going to remove are always going to be the highest energy electrons.

一个2价正离子,我们要移除的两个电子,我们要移除的两个电子,将会是,最高能量的电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So this should immediately look like a problem because we know, in fact, that methane is tetravalent, and this is telling us it's only divalent.

显然这看起来是一个问题,因为我们知道实际上，甲烷是四价的，而这告诉我们它仅仅是二价的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, Lewis structures are really a model for a way to think about what the valence electron configuration is, and as I said, it's not based on quantum mechanics, it's something that Lewis observed far, far before quantum mechanics were discovered.

路易斯结构实际上是一个用来考虑价,电子排布的模型，而就像我说的，它并不以量子力学为基础，而是路易斯在以前发现的,在量子力学出现很早前。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

so it's important to note that it's not in b, now we're talking about b plus, because we've already taken an electron out here.

其中有一个非常重要的地方需要注意，不是硼，而是正一价硼离子，因为我们已经拿走了一个电子了。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

The highest occupied orbital is now the 2 s orbital, 1 s 2 2 s 1 so we're going to end up with boron 2 plus 1 s 2, 2 s 1, plus the electron coming out of there.

现在最高的被占据轨道是，2，s，轨道，因此结果应该是正二价的硼，再加上一个出射的电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So let's think about the energy required now to remove a 2 s electron, let's say we're removing it from boron plus 1 versus neutral boron.

那么让我们来想一想,拿走一个，2，s，电子所消耗的能量，假设一个是从正一价硼离子中拿走1,另一个是从中性硼原子中拿走。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We can write out what it is for any certain atom or ion x, X so it's just x plus an electron gives us x minus.

我们可以用，X，来表示一个任意的原子或离子，因此可以写成，X，加一个电子等于负一价的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So what we'll end up with is boron plus, 1 s 2 2 s 2 1 s 2, 2 s 2, E and what we say is the delta energy or the change in energy as the same thing as saying the energy of the products minus the energy of our reactant here, that's how much energy we have to put into the system to eject an electron.

所以结果应该是正一价的硼，电子排布为，我们说，Δ,也就是，E，的变化量,等于生成物的能量,减去反应物的能量，这就是我们从这个系统中,打出一个电子所需要的能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选