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When we have an isolated system, the criterion that determineswhether something happens spontaneously is the entropy has to increase.
对于孤立系统,决定一个过程是否自发发生的判据为：,熵必须增加。
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and then you teach students and you do this for a very long time, all your life.
然后你就可以去教学生，这会是一个很长的过程，差不多你一生的时间。
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So now we have a relationship between the ratios of these volumes that are reached during these adiabatic paths.
现在我们有了一个联系,这些绝热过程中,体积比的关系式。
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It would be so easy if you built a cohesive system that carries the entire transaction to create a receipt that is useful.
如果你建立一个,能覆盖整个交易过程,能产生有效的收据的系统,一切都会变得更容易。
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So this is not going to be a favorable process, we're going to find that the electron affinity is actually a negative 7 kilojoules per mole for nitrogen.
因此这并不是一个容易发生的过程，我们会发现氮的电子亲和能,应该是负的，7，千焦每摩尔。
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This same thing happens here, there's a transduction, one kind of a signal gets converted to another kind of a signal.
这两种过程是相同的,都是一个信号转换的过程,一种信号转化为另一种信号
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That's a physical process that causes some sorts of changes in the mental processes occurring in my soul.
这是一个物理过程,它造成了,我灵魂中心灵过程的改变
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The circuitous, logical route that we had to take in order to arrive at this new sense of Satan's size has everything to do with our status as temporally bound, temporally constrained readers.
我们需要经历一个迂回曲折的逻辑过程,来从新的意义上理解撒旦的高大,和我们目前处在的，作为世俗压制下的读者的地位，有着紧密的联系。
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Debugging is a different process.
调试就是另外一个过程了。
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Its ionization would be I take one of the electrons on chlorine and throw it away.
这个离子化的过程就是,从钠原子中取出一个电子,并扔掉。
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For example, one of the experiments we do is measure the magnetic field of current coil, and after we do the experiment, we all have a passive visualization that shows the same experimental set-up, except we add to that.
比如，我们做的一个实验就是,测量电线圈的磁场，在我们做完实验之后，我们都感受到了一个直观化的过程,它展现了同样的实验过程，只是那是我们加的。
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So I feel that a project is never really complete because it's always an ongoing process.
所以我觉得一个项目从来没有真正被完成过，因为它永远是一个持续的过程。
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The idea of a "code walkthrough" refers to the process of walking through your code verbally or visually with or without other people.
代码走查“的概念是单独或者和别人一起,通过查看或讨论学习你们的代码,的一个过程。
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On the whole I think it fair to say that human history is a record of the ways in which human nuture has been sold short.
整体来说，我认为人类历史,是人性逐渐缺失的过程的,一个记录。
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That means there's a gradual adjustment of dividends to earnings.
股利与收益间存在一个逐渐变化的过程
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It's a very interesting little process.
这是一个很有趣的推算过程。
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So the first argument, that's a straight forward argument, the second argument says, I put myself in other peoples shoes, I realize they're not going to play a dominated strategy, and therefore, having realized they're not going to play a dominated strategy, I shouldn't play a strategy between 45 and 67.
所以第一个过程是直截了当地,而第二个过程,我从别人的角度思考,发现他们并不会选择劣势策略,意识到他们并不会选择劣势策略后,我也不应该选择45至67的数
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So it was just a natural progression really because I've lived here for quite a while.
所以这真的只是一个自然的过程，因为我在这儿生活了一段时间了。
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and it was made a lot easier by having a partner.
有一个合作伙伴让整个过程变得容易许多。
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OK, clearly we'd be much better off if we had some systematic quantitative way to tell whether something would happen spontaneously.
好，如果我们有一些系统定量的方法来判断,一个过程是否会自发进行,那就会更好了。
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Path number 2 on my diagram it's a reversible, this path number 2, it's a reversible constant pressure path.
路径，首先是一个，等压过程。
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so I'm heating up the system in this path here, and then to connect the 2 endpoints here, a constant temperature path.
需要再用，一个等温过程，这两个状态。
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It's easy to know what nucleotide to put in each position as you're going along and polymerizing a new molecule.
这使得复制过程中决定下一个核苷酸位点,应该用哪一个核苷酸更为容易
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And what's this little loop say to do? This little loop says I'm going to write a function or procedures that takes in two messages.
这个小循环是做什么的,这个小的循环是,我要写一个函数或者过程来接受两条消息。
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Still, it wasn't abrupt, it was gradual, it was a slow evolution of the personality.
这并不是突然的，而是一个过程，那是个缓慢的人格进化过程。
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Absorption is just the opposite of emission, so instead of starting at a high energy level and dropping down, when we absorb light we start low and we absorb energy to bring ourselves up to an n final that's higher.
吸收就是发射的逆过程,与从一个高能量到低能量不同，当吸收光时，我们从低能量开始,吸收能量到一个更高的能量。
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So, practitioners who understood what we would know to be chemistry were highly valued in that society. And then, you may expand it to other chemical processes, dyeing of cloth, glassmaking, and metals extraction.
所以，理解我们所知为化学的,先行者们，在那个社会是,非常宝贵的，当时，你可能将其扩展到另一个化学过程，如布料的染色，玻璃的制造，还有金属提取。
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How many people vote for that this is a reversible process? I've got one vote back there two votes, three votes, four votes. Anybody else?
有多少人认为,这是一个可逆过程？有一个，两个，三个,四个，还有别的人吗？
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When I flail my arms around I generate work and heat. This is not a constant volume process.
这不是一个恒容过程,但如果我是一个系统，当我做这些的时候。
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It's the constant enthalpy process that we're looking at. This we can do experiments on.
是一个焓不变的过程,这个量我们可以做实验。
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