Thinking of time as a resource to be maximized means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal.
把时间看作是一种需要最大化利用的资源，意味着你功利性地对待它，认为任何特定的时刻都应该充分利用起来以使其朝着某一既定目标迈进。
Payoff schemes are designed to induce subjects to vote instrumentally.
实验报酬的设计诱使实验对象视投票为获取利益的工具。
Payoff schemes are designed to induce subjects to vote instrumentally.
实验报酬的设计诱使实验对象视投票为获取利益的工具。
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