The main difference pointed by Tanenbaum is having the drivers run in user mode conferring higher security
Tanenbaum指出其中的主要区别是令设备驱动运行在用户态能提高安全性
If the PR bit in MSR is set (Problem State), then the CPU was running in user mode, and is unlikely to be the cause of the crash.
如果在MSR中设置了pr位(问题状态)，那么CPU在用户模式下运行，并且不可能引起系统崩溃。
An application cannot bypass the OS and access hardware resources directly. It is commonly said that applications run in user mode.
应用程序已经不可能绕过现代的操作系统直接访问硬件，一种更普遍的说法就是应用程序以用户态(user mode)运行。
Above the kernel, running in user mode, are the device drivers, each one running as a separate process tightly restricted by the memory management hardware to accessing only its own memory.
设备驱动处于内核之上，运行在用户态。每个驱动都作为单独的进程运行，受到内存管理硬件的严格约束，只能访问自己拥有的内存。
Most of the code running on your computer will execute in user mode.
我们大多数的代码都是运行在用户态的。
In user mode, the executing code has no ability to directly access hardware or reference memory. Code running in user mode must delegate to system APIs to access hardware or memory.
在用户态，代码不具备直接访问硬件或者访问内存的能力，而必须借助操作系统提供的可靠的、底层的API来访问硬件或者内存。
In user mode, programs have read and write access to the user data in the process private region.
在用户模式中，程序对进程专用区域中的用户数据具有读写访问权限。
In user mode, programs have read and write access to the user data in the process private region.
在用户模式中，程序对进程专用区域中的用户数据具有读写访问权限。
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