Heat and work are defined only in terms of processes.
热和功只能根据过程来确定。
The relationship between heat and work was initially proposed in the 1940's by Joule.
热量和功的关系首先是，由焦耳在1940年提出的。
Closed systems are able to exchange energy (heat and work) but not matter with their environment.
与外界没有任何能量交换和物质交换，或说没有任何相互作用的热力学系统。
So again, for both heat and work we don't get the same result. Now let's look at our special function, right. So here's path a.
所以，再一次说明，对于热量和功，我们得到的结果是不同的，现在让我们看看我们的特殊函数。
Grasp the characteristics of heat, work and how to calculate the heat and work transferred in a quasi-static process using state properties of a system.
掌握热量和功量的特征，及利用系统的状态参数计算准静态过程的功和热量的方法。
He observed when people were machining cannon barrels, a lot of heat was generated, and there was a lot of work done.
他发现人们在制作炮管时，会产生大量的热，同时有大量的做功。
When the magnesium is mixed with water, it produces heat, boiling the water to produce steam, which can then drive a turbine and do useful work.
当镁与水混合在一起时，它就会产生热量，让水沸腾产生蒸汽，而产生的蒸汽然后就可以驱动涡轮机，而且也可用来做些有用的工作。
Aesthetics are nice, but they can't pay the electricity bill when a skylight lets in too much light and heat, causing the air conditioner to work overtime. Or can they?
美观固然是好，但是它不会为你支付因为太阳光的引入太多光和热，而造成的空调超时工作的电费。
So here are expressions for work and heat.
这是功和热量的表达式。
The full name for the condition is erythema ab igne, and used to be common in people exposed to heat as part of their work, such as bakers and silversmiths.
它为条件的全名叫火激红斑，过去人们暴露在高温中，这是他们工作的一部分，例如面包师和银匠。
"There is massive potential in heat storage, and this concept is eminently achievable, " says Bathurst, "but I think it will need a more intelligent system to make it work".
“热能储集有巨大的潜力，这个理念是非常切实可行的，”巴瑟斯特说，“不过，我认为要使其起作用还需要更具智能的系统。”
And so maybe the work generated the heat.
因此或许功产生了热。
And the hack only seems to work on plastic keypads — metal returns too much heat noise for the IR camera to reliably discern with keys were just pressed.
而且黑客似乎只能在塑料键盘上运用这个方法，因为金属会反射出大量的热量干扰波，从而使得红外摄相机无法准确识别。
James Joules The physicist James Joules, after we we call after him the unit of work was the first to demonstrate that heat energy and mechanical energy are really equivalent.
物理学家，我们以他命名功的单位,他是第一个演示出,热能和机械能相等的人。
Dr Hofmann's work suggests that a combination of heat and acidity is more deadly than either alone.
霍夫曼博士的工作表明热和酸的联合起来的影响比单独任何一种都更具致命性。
You can take heat energy and convert it to work energy and vice versa, and it doesn't say anything about that you have to waste heat if you're going to transform heat into work.
你可以把热能便成功，也可以反过来，但它对于如果你要把热变成功，就必须浪费热量这件事只字未提，它只是说这是能量。
For immediate relief, cut back on the mileage and try some damp heat: hot baths or the steam room. Heating pads and heat rubs may help somewhat, but wet heat seems to work better than dry.
立刻削减跑步里程，尝试一些热疗：洗个热水澡或者去蒸气浴室，电热垫或者热按摩也会有所帮助——湿热要比干热好一些。
It becomes even more of a challenge when we leave home in sweltering heat and then move into an air conditioned work environment.
这让我们这些离开了家，暴露在空气中工作的人们为着装发愁。
And in general the rod gets hot, and the work that you have done goes into heat and goes into the deformation of the rod.
通常棒子会变热，你做的功，变成热能，导致棒子的变形。
As a manager, you're paid to make the difficult decisions and to take the political heat that your work generates.
作为管理者，花钱雇你来是为了让你解决棘手问题、处理你工作中产生的人事问题。
It turns kinetic energy into heat, and that is perfectly fine in the work-energy theorem.
可以把动能转为热量，这点在功能定理，中是非常好的。
Figure 4 illustrates the work and data flow for heat maps.
图4演示了热图的工作和数据流。
Chili and mustard work as both a local anesthetic and a deep-heat treatment to ease stiff and painful muscles.
辣椒和芥末既是习用麻醉剂又是舒缓放松肌肉僵硬和疼痛的高渗治疗剂。
The shuttle’s engines and the tiles that protect it from the heat of re-entry proved expensive to maintain, and divvying up work among different contractors added to the costs.
航天飞机的发动机和耐热瓷砖防止其再重返大气层时被烧坏，但是维护成本也很昂贵，而分配不同承包人的任务时又增加了开销。
And in practical terms, we can define the efficiency as the ratio of the heat in to the work out.
在实际中，我们定义，效率为热与功的比值。
And the idea was that gravity did work on the water and falling, and that work led to the generation of heat.
焦耳的想法是，重力对水，做了功。
For the reasons of nature conservation great attention is paid at the systems that use low-grade heat sources in their work (that is heat energy of soils, air, discharge and drain).
原因自然保护的关注在系统使用低品位热源的工作(热能的土壤、空气、放电和排水)。
Temporary Heat Wave: you're too demanding on yourself and it's causing you undue stress, not only at work but most likely in other aspects of your life as well.
暂时情绪：你对自己要求太高，这给你带来不必要的压力——不仅在工作上而且很可能也在其它方面。
Using compelling eye gaze plots and heat maps, Nielsen and Pernice guide the reader through hundreds of examples of eye movements, demonstrating why some designs work and others don't.
用令人信服的情节和眼睛凝视热图，尼尔森和佩尼斯引导眼球运动的数百名读者的例子，说明为什么一些设计工作，有的则没有。
It should be noted that the rate of gas engine heat pump is limited regulation, and can not be any regulation, which is the work of the engine and compressor characteristics.
需要指出的是，燃气机热泵的速度调节是有限制的，并不能任意调节，这与发动机和压缩机的工作特性有关。
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