One of the prevalent methods in air traffic flow management is ground holding.
地面等待是空中交通管理中普遍应用的一种方法。
One of the prevalent methods in air traffic control is ground holding based on traffic flow management.
推迟飞机起飞时间，将成本较高的空中等待转化成地面等待，是进行空中交通流量管理的一个有效方法。
A new heuristic dynamic optimal algorithm is presented in this paper to solve the single airport ground-holding problem.
对单机场地面等待问题提出了一种新的启发式动态优化算法。
The ground-holding is one of the main methods in ATFM (Air Traffic Flow Management).
实施地面等待是ATFM（空中交通流量管理）中主要采用的一种方法。
Firstly, the article introduces air traffic flow management simply, then discusses ground-holding policy, Finally the article expounds several ground-holding models.
本文首先对空中交通流量管理进行了简单的介绍，而后讨论了地面等待策略，最后阐述了几种地面等待模型。
The thesis mainly discussed the question, assumed conditions, models, objective function, constraints of single airport ground-holding model and single airport and air corridor ground-holding model.
论文主要研究了单机场地面等待模型和综合考虑机场和走廊口两部分空域的地面等待模型的问题提出，假设条件，模型建立，目标函数，约束方程等。
The model for the single unit ground-holding problem is established and the cost of flight delays is systematically analyzed.
研究了航班地面等待模型中延误成本的计算问题。
The model for the single unit ground-holding problem is established and the cost of flight delays is systematically analyzed.
研究了航班地面等待模型中延误成本的计算问题。
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