Many fungi can reproduce asexually.
很多真菌可以无性繁殖。
Ferns, mosses and fungi spread by means of spores.
蕨类植物、苔藓和真菌通过孢子传播蔓生。
In the forest, fungi are decomposers.
在森林里，真菌是分解者。
Ants can't digest the cellulose in leaves—but some fungi can.
蚂蚁不能消化树叶中的纤维素，但有些真菌可以。
Humus is necessary for rapid decomposition of leaves by bacteria and fungi and for recycling by surface roots.
腐殖质是树叶被细菌和真菌迅速分解和根部表面循环过程的必需品。
The fungi absorb moisture and mineral salts from the rocks, passing these on in waste products that nourish algae.
真菌从岩石中吸收水分和矿物盐，并在代谢废物中传递这些物质，而这些废物向藻类提供营养。
Ulrich Mueller of Maryland and his colleagues genetically screened 862 different types of fungi taken from ants' nests.
马里兰州的乌利齐·米勒和他的同事从蚂蚁窝中提取了862种不同类型的真菌进行基因筛选。
Farmer ants secrete antibiotics to control other fungi that might act as "weeds", and spread waste to fertilise the crop.
农民蚂蚁分泌抗生素来控制其他可能充当“杂草”的真菌，并传播排泄物来给作物施肥。
The ants therefore cultivate these fungi in their nests, bringing them leaves to feed on, and then use them as a source of food.
"因此，蚂蚁在它们的巢中培养这些菌类，用叶子喂养它们，然后把它们当作食物来源。
Because the ants play the behaviorally active role, it seems compelling to say that they cultivate and control the passive fungi.
由于蚂蚁在行为上扮演着积极的角色，它们培育和控制被动真菌的说法似乎很有说服力。
Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, in the form of carbon dioxide, and converting it to energy-rich sugars.
植物比真菌更能有效地以二氧化碳的形式吸收碳，并将其转化为富含能量的糖类。
Even more impressively, DNA analysis of the fungi suggests that the ants improve or modify the fungi by regularly swapping and sharing strains with neighbouring ant colonies.
更令人印象深刻的是，真菌的DNA分析表明，蚂蚁通过与邻近的蚁群定期交换和共享菌种来改善或修改真菌。
They farm fungi, raise aphids as livestock, launch armies to war, use chemical sprays to alarm and confuse enemies, capture slaves, engage in child labour, exchange information ceaselessly.
它们培养菌类，将蚜虫当作家畜来饲养，发对军队作战，使用化学喷雾来警告和迷惑敌人，捕获奴隶，雇佣童工，并且不停地交换信息。
As a result, the density differential of the fungi-treated wood approach that of the Cremonese wood.
因此，经真菌处理的木材接近克雷莫纳斯木材的密度差。
The study of the historical uses and sociological impact of fungi is known as ethnomycology.
对真菌的历史用途和社会学影响的研究被称为民族真菌学。
Pleurotus ostreatus is widely used in what is known as mycoremediation—the deployment of fungi to clean up waste.
平菇被广泛用于所谓的“茵核降解”——即是使用真菌去清理垃圾。
FUNGI are a much maligned group of species.
真菌是恶名昭著的物种群。
Some eat fruit, fungi, carrion, or insects.
还有的以水果、菌类、腐肉或者昆虫为食。
Many drugs such as penicillin come from fungi too.
许多药品（如青霉素）也来自真菌。
Without the fungi, this would be just another sandbar.
如果没有真菌，这里将成为另一个沙洲。
These pathogens can include viruses, bacteria and fungi.
这些病原体包括了病毒、细菌和真菌。
Those fungi and bacteria are as highly evolved as humans.
那些真菌和细菌和人类都是高度演化的。
The fungi can survive high temperatures and detergents.
它们可以在高温和清洁剂存在的环境中生存。
This second group includes animals, plants, fungi and algae.
这第二种生物包括动物，植物，真菌以及藻类。
The other main role that fungi perform is as nature's recyclers.
真菌扮演的另一个主要角色是大自然回收器。
Corneal ulcers are severe infections caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
角膜溃疡是由细菌，病毒，或真菌造成的严重感染。
The study did not focus on whether the fungi had been a threat to human health.
该研究的焦点并非是这些真菌是否已对人类健康造成威胁。
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