But for centuries that competition was constrained by some seemingly unbreakable rules.
但是，在几百年的时间里，那种竞争受到某种似乎不可打破的规则的约束。
The fork was an ancient agricultural tool, but for centuries no one thought of eating with it.
叉子本是一种古老的农具，几个世纪以来，从没有人想到用它来吃东西。
Mathematicians have always worked with logic and symbols, but for centuries the underlying laws of logic were taken for granted, and never expressed symbolically.
数学家一直与逻辑和符号，但数百年来的基本法律逻辑被认为是理所当然的，从来没有表示象征。
The other aspects have been recognised only for a few centuries but they are becoming more and more important.
其他方面的认识只是在几个世纪前才被认识到，但它们正变得越来越重要。
Bracken fern has been spreading from its woodland strongholds for centuries, but the rate of encroachment into open countryside has lately increased alarmingly throughout northern and western Britain.
蕨类植物已经从它的林地据点向外蔓延了几个世纪，但是最近在整个英国北部和西部，蕨类植物侵入开阔乡村的速度却惊人地增长。
Unburnt vegetation rots quickly, but black carbon persists in the soil for many centuries.
未燃烧的植物腐烂得很快，但黑碳在土壤中存留了好几个世纪。
Not many of our readers would choose to go for a swim in such low temperatures, but in some countries, ice swimming has been popular for centuries.
我们的读者中没有多少人会选择在如此低温下游泳，但在某些国家，冰泳已经流行了好几个世纪。
But while Bolivians have lived off it for centuries, quinoa remained little more than a curiosity outside the Andes for years, found in health food shops and studied by researchers — until recently.
不过，尽管玻利维亚人以藜麦为食已有数个世纪，但多年来在安第斯山区之外这仍然是稀罕之物，直到最近，才进驻保健食物商店，才有研究者对其展开研究。
Climate scientists will then be able to correct for these effects, not just in interpreting modern measurements but also when attempting to reconstruct the climate stretching back centuries.
一旦可以达到这个目标，气候学家就能根据这些影响进行修正，不仅仅用于现代测量结果的解释，更可用于将气候重塑回数个世纪前的尝试中。
Three tiny glazed pots, decorated with cherubs, provide new evidence that European hard-paste porcelain was invented not in Germany, as has been thought for three centuries, but in England.
小天使图案的三个小瓷罐提供了新证据，证明3个世纪来欧洲硬瓷起源于德国的定论并非如此，而是起源于英国。
It was the product not of genetic engineering but of patient, old-fashioned cross-breeding, of the kind farmers have been doing for centuries.
这不是基因工程的产物，而是来自耐心的，老式的杂交育种，是那些友好的农民们做了几个世纪的事情。
But it will by no means be idle, at least not to the psychologists, neuroscientists, philosophers and kissy-face dog owners who for centuries have pondered the mysteries of canine consciousness.
但这绝不是闲扯，至少对心理学家，神经学家，哲学家，和那些与狗亲亲的主人们不是，几个世纪以来他们都在深思犬类有无意识的谜团。
And he would be right. But he shouldn't count on finding one right away; magnetic monopoles have eluded our best scientists for centuries.
但他不能指望能马上找到它：磁单极子已经逍遥于我们最好的一批物理学家之法外达几世纪了。
Farmers and gardeners have turned the soil for centuries. But many now believe in no-till or reduced tillage, a method also called conservation tillage.
农民和园丁们耕作了几个世纪，但是现在他们中很多人开始采取少耕或免耕方法，也称保护性耕作。
Men like him had kept the Order strong for centuries, but the master had many times counseled that their usefulness was waning.
像他这样的人几个世纪以来一直保持着圣殿的强大，但总领很多次承认他们的用处在不断消退。
It is the language which has been spoken, in France, for example, for more than four centuries, not only by a misery, but by every possible human misery.
这种语言，在法国，举例说，便说了四百多年，说这种语言的不仅是某一个穷苦层，而是整个穷苦层，在人类中可能存在的整个穷苦层。
But then, royalists are far more sophisticated about images than republicans, and have been for centuries.
不过，在形象上保皇党比共和党的经验多的多，几千年来一直如此。
It's unclear who coined the phrase, but France has been the unofficial romance capital of the world for centuries.
不清楚是什么人创造了这个词，不过法国几世纪以来都是非官方的世界浪漫之都。
A lack of winter snow on Japan's famed Mount Fuji has sparked speculation the volcano could erupt for the first time in three centuries, but experts denied any link between snow and seismic activity.
日本著名的富士山由于冬雪稀少，很多人猜测这座沉睡了三百年之久的火山可能要爆发了。但是有关专家们说雪的多少和地壳运动之间没有任何联系。
Scientists believe the world's great ice sheets will not completely disappear for many more centuries, but the Greenland ice sheet is now shedding more ice than it is accumulating.
科学家们认为，这个世界大冰盖短期内都不会完全消失，然而，如今的格陵兰冰盖脱落的冰却比聚积的冰更多。
Women may have been experiencing this for centuries but everything was new to me and every little detail was exciting scary and curious.
数个世纪以来，女性们或者已经经历过这些了，但一切对我来说都是新奇的，每一个细节都是令人既兴奋、又恐慌好奇的。
Women may have been experiencing this for centuries, but everything was new to me and every little detail was exciting, scary and curious.
数个世纪以来，女性们或者已经经历过这些了，但一切对我来说都是新奇的，每一个细节都是令人既兴奋、又恐慌好奇的。
But rivers have carved their way over the earth's face for centuries and they will stay.
但是河流在地球的表面雕刻自己的路径已有数百年的历史，它们将继续下去。
But rivers have carved their way over the earth's face for centuries and they will stay.
但是河流在地球的表面雕刻自己的路径已有数百年的历史，它们将继续下去。
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