以黑死病为例。这种疾病最常通过跳蚤叮咬传染给人类，跳蚤生存在啮齿类动物上。
Take bubonic plague for example. The disease is most commonly transmitted to humans through flea bites, and the fleas live on rodents.
1348年的黑死病是由森林树木下腐殖质的逐渐丧失引起的。
The Black Death of 1348 was caused by gradual loss of the humus fertility found under forest trees.
马氏陷阱意味着高人口仅仅带来的是低生活水平(直至1760年，在英国做农民的最佳时机是在黑死病事件发生之后)。
The trap meant that higher populations merely brought lower living standards (until 1760, the best time to have been a British labourer was after the Black Death).
然而，我们并不知道，黑死病是如何被带到欧洲的。
We do not know, however, how the Black Death travelled to Europe.
接着爆发了黑死病，人口锐减了四分之一。
到1347年为止，黑死病差不多夺去了中部欧洲一半人口的生命，而气候似乎也在这一疾病的蔓延过程中发挥了作用。
Climate also seems to have played a role in the epidemic of Black Death, which killed about half the population of Central Europe by 1347.
从1348年到1353年短短五年间，黑死病夺去了三分之一欧洲人口的生命，然而现代瘟疫爆发远远没有如此致命，实际上是因为医学的进步。
The Black Death claimed the lives of one-third of Europe's population in just five years from 1348 to 1353, but modern outbreaks have been far less deadly, even given advances in medicine.
黑死病、猩红热和小儿麻痹症，以往的这些疾病，现在已经从地球上绝迹了吗？
The bubonic plague. Scarlet fever. Polio. Diseases of the past, and no longer on this Earth, right?
绝大多数人们讨厌开会。太多会议是社区组织的黑死病。
The great majority of people detest meetings; too many are the Black Death of community groups.
这种肺病与黑死病一样，是由同一种杆菌引起的。
The lung disease is caused by the same bacterium as bubonic plague.
以黑死病为例，最常见的方式是通过跳蚤叮咬传染给人类，而跳蚤在啮齿类动物身上生存。
Take bubonic plague, for example. The disease is most commonly transmitted to humans through flea bites, and the fleas live on rodents.
在仅仅五年时间内，黑死病夺去了欧洲三分之一人口的生命。
The Black Death claimed the lives of one-third of Europe's population in just five years.
黑死病由鼠蚤传播，在此之前通常都有大批的老鼠死亡(只有在这时跳蚤才选择人类作宿主)，但在1348年没有人记录下这些。
And bubonic plague, spread by rat fleas, is normally preceded by the death of hordes of rats (only then do the fleas opt for humans). Yet no one in 1348 recorded this.
寻求把他们的创作从世纪黑死病蔓延的死寂气氛中摆脱出来，圣母院的建筑师们构思出比他们的前人更宽阔的设计。
Seeking to liberate their creation from the sepulchral atmosphere of the plague-ridden medieval era, the Notre Dame architects conceived of a design more spacious than that of their predecessors.
也许正是在面对黑死病的蔓延过程中，他开始对预言未来之事产生了特别的兴趣。
Perhaps it was his work in the midst of bubonic plague outbreaks that gave him his particular interest in apocalyptic visions of the future.
人类人口减少的唯一时间段是1347年之后的数年，即黑死病在欧洲蔓延期间。
The only time the human population declined was in the years following 1347, the start of the of the plague 'Black Death' in Europe.
阿奇·塔曼博士淡化了黑死病由丝绸之路上的旅行队带入欧洲的可能性。
Dr Achtman played down the possibility that the Black Death may have been carried into Europe by the caravans of the Silk Route.
这又不是黑死病。
实际上刚果在比利时统治时期修筑的道路，建于1960年全长100,000千米，的坍塌，是继黑死病后对森林的又一恩惠。
Indeed, the decay of Congo's Belgian-built roads, which in 1960 ran to over 100, 000km, must rank as one of the greatest boons to forests since the Black Death.
实际上刚果在比利时统治时期修筑的道路，建于1960年全长100,000千米，的坍塌，是继黑死病后对森林的又一恩惠。
Indeed, the decay of Congo's Belgian-built roads, which in 1960 ran to over 100,000km, must rank as one of the greatest boons to forests since the Black Death.
他们还排除了图坦卡蒙患有黑死病或肺结核。
细菌却相反，它们潜伏在周围环境中(像是破伤风杆菌)，并且宿主众多(比如说黑死病)。
Bacteria, in contrast, often just lurk in the environment (like tetanus), and may thrive on many hosts (as does bubonic plague, for example).
在中世纪，黑死病害死了一半以上的欧洲人。
The Black Death killed more off more than half of Europe's population in the Middle Ages.
黑死病、猩红热和小儿麻痹症，以往的这些疾病，现在已经从地球上绝迹了吗？
Polio. Diseases of the past, and no longer on this Earth, right?
黑死病、猩红热和小儿麻痹症，以往的这些疾病，现在已经从地球上绝迹了吗？
Polio. Diseases of the past, and no longer on this Earth, right?
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