通过对以往电磁泵的研究，提出了基于超导的新型钠泵，并建立了数学模型。
Based on the previous study on electric magnetic pumps, a new sodium pump based on superconduct is put forward and mathematical model is established.
特别是1986年发现了高温氧化物超导体以后，在凝聚态物理学界掀起了研究高温超导的热潮。
Especially, since the discovery of high critical temperature cooper oxide superconductors in 1986, superconductivity research reached a high level.
在第一章，我们回顾了高温超导发现和研究的历程，重点了解了铁基高温超导的研究现状和取得的进展。
In Chapter One, we review the history of the high temperature super-conductors, focusing mainly on the recent progress of iron-based materials.
人们普遍认为，超导的产生应该和磁性阻挫有着内在的联系，因为磁性阻挫很可能会导致结构相变和反铁磁相变。
It is widely expected that the superconductivity should be intrinsically connected to the frustrated magnetic correlations which presumably cause both structure and antiferromagnetic transitions.
约翰·巴丁也是超导理论的共同发展人。
John Bardeen was also co-developer of the theory of superconductivity.
尽管每个超导体的尺寸相对较大，但是其中的电子以一种自然而又一致的方式共同移动。
Despite each superconductor's relatively large size, the electrons within move together in a naturally coherent way.
它可以在超导体（一种能导电的材料）和绝缘体（一种不导电的材料）之间转变。
It can change between a superconductor a material that conducts electricity, and an insulator a material that doesn't conduct electricity
此处展示的铌超导腔已经证明可以用于废料嬗变。
The niobium superconducting cavities shown here could prove useful for waste transmutation.
当温度降至临界温度以下，某些金属会突然失去电阻，出现超导现象，这就是相变的一个例子。
The emergence of superconductivity in certain metals when cooled below a critical temperature is an example of a phase transition.
研究人员仍需找到能够使缠绕的超导电路维持更久的方法。
Researchers still need to find a way to make entangled superconducting circuits last longer.
从这个月开始——并一直持续四个星期——粒子加速器都要对绕着它的超导电磁铁旋转的铅离子进行加速。
Starting this month - and continuing for four weeks - the particle accelerator will be speeding lead ions around its superconducting electromagnets.
从这个月开始——并一直持续四个星期——粒子加速器都要对绕着它的超导电磁铁旋转的铅离子进行加速。
Starting this month -- and continuing for four weeks -- the particle accelerator will be speeding lead ions around its superconducting electromagnets.
液氦也用来冷却红外线探测器，核反应堆，以及核磁共振成像器械的超导磁体等。
Liquid helium cools infrared detectors, nuclear reactors, and the superconducting magnets used in MRI machines, too.
图中的实线代表的是电流通路，半圆代表超导连接。
The solid lines indicate electrical connections and the semi-circles represent superconducting junctions.
普通超导现象的出现就是奇异的。
为了启动LHC的巨大超导体，在一个确保设备能够处理大电流的测试中一个电气连接部件融化了。
An electrical connection melted during a test to make sure the equipment could handle the high currents needed to power the LHC's huge superconducting magnets.
他也相信，这将扩展超导体的范畴，更广泛地应用X射线来蚀刻电路。
He also believes it should be possible to extend the principle beyond superconductors, to use X-rays to etch out electronic circuits more generally.
他们制作了四个分子长的金属线——目前有报道最小的超导体。
They made four-molecule-long wires - the smallest superconducting structure yet reported.
2008年9月，对撞机正开始第一轮质子循环时，两块超导磁铁的连接处发生毁灭性的故障。
The machine had just begun circulating its first protons in September 2008 when a connection between two of its superconducting magnets failed catastrophically.
可以通过纳米结构电路(如接近绝对零度的超导铝)得到更强大的相互作用(电路量子电动力学，CircuitQED)。
A much stronger interaction can be obtained with nano-structured circuits in which metals like aluminum become superconducting at temperatures just above absolute zero (circuit QED).
美国能源部的研究团队希望在理解上的突破同样能够打开超导体研究的闸门，实现没有能量损失室温超导体材料能量传输。
The DOE team hopes this breakthrough in understanding will similarly open the floodgates on superconductor research, culminating in room temperature materials that move power with no loss of energy.
如果能在室温环境下获得超导体，它将有无穷广阔的应用前景。
Such materials could have limitless applications if they could be made to superconduct at room temperature.
他们认为这可能与在所谓的赝能隙相位期间的电子活动有关，而室温处在这段超导电性受到破坏的温度范围内。
They knew it had something to do with electron behavior during the so-called pseudogap phase, a temp range where superconductivity breaks down.
这是因为它依赖于一个名为约瑟夫森结的超导装置产生量子比特，这种被特别扭曲的电子只有在低温下才稳定。
This is because it relies on a superconducting device called a Josephson junction to produce the qubits, in the form of specially tweaked electrons that are stable only at such low temperatures.
研究人员通过将两个大到肉眼能够观察的超导体的电流联系起来，拓展了可以观察到的量子效应的范围。
By linking the electrical currents of two superconductors large enough to be seen with the naked eye, researchers have extended the domain of observable quantum effects.
这是一些细小的超导材料，由一个刻有间隔的氧化铝晶片上的铌薄膜构成。
These are tiny pieces of a superconducting material consisting of a niobium film on an aluminium oxide wafer with gaps etched into it.
与此相同，阻碍美国能源网的核心技术缺陷之一是缺乏对于超导体的认识，这种材料可以没有损失的输送电力。
Similarly, one of the key technology gaps hampering the U.S. energy grid is a lack of understanding regarding superconductors -- materials that can carry electricity with no energy loss.
与此相同，阻碍美国能源网的核心技术缺陷之一是缺乏对于超导体的认识，这种材料可以没有损失的输送电力。
Similarly, one of the key technology gaps hampering the U.S. energy grid is a lack of understanding regarding superconductors -- materials that can carry electricity with no energy loss.
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