蚯蚓取食时丢弃了较细的颗粒。
植食性土壤动物通过直接取食根系，加速细根的死亡和周转。
Root herbivores accelerate root death and turnover via consuming root tissues.
苹果树、金纹细蛾及其寄生蜂通过取食、寄生、重寄生等方式，在自然界中构成了4级营养食物链（网），相互依存，协同进化。
The apple trees, Lithocolletis ringoniella and its parasitic wasps constituted the 4 grade nutritional food chain(web) in the natural capital, and they were interdependent and coevolution.
苹果树、金纹细蛾及其寄生蜂通过取食、寄生、重寄生等方式，在自然界中构成了4级营养食物链（网），相互依存，协同进化。
The apple trees, Lithocolletis ringoniella and its parasitic wasps constituted the 4 grade nutritional food chain(web) in the natural capital, and they were interdependent and coevolution.
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