杵臼形制简单，是主要的谷物脱壳工具。
The shape system of Chu-Jiu is simple, which is major cereal husking tool.
本文报告采用股骨转子间杵臼状外展截骨术治疗儿童髋内翻10例（14髋）。年龄为6～12岁。
Ball and socket valgus osteotomy in intertrochanteric region of femur for correction of coxa vara in 10 children(14 hips)with ages ranging from 6 to 12 years is reported.
结果：发现杵臼附着式固位的种植赝复体在行使功能时其腭部、牙槽骨、种植体周围骨界面的应力值均远高于杆卡附着式固位的种植赝复体。
Results: the stress values of the ball attachment in the palate area, alveolar bone and implant bone interface were much higher than that of the bar attachment.
结果：发现杵臼附着式固位的种植赝复体在行使功能时其腭部、牙槽骨、种植体周围骨界面的应力值均远高于杆卡附着式固位的种植赝复体。
Results: the stress values of the ball attachment in the palate area, alveolar bone and implant bone interface were much higher than that of the bar attachment.
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