在非饱和土条件下产生的负孔隙水压力（基质吸力）对于预测如边坡、挡土墙、挖方工程、基础工程之类的土石结构的稳定性十分重要。
Unsaturated soil condition which give rise to negative pore pressure is important in evaluating the stability of geotechnical structures such as slopes, retaining walls, excavations and foundations.
挖方路基的施工方法选择直接关系到施工进度和工程质量。
The roadbed construction methods together directly related to the construction progress and quality of the project.
典型的单位是挖方或混凝土工程的立方码和布局钢的吨位。
Typical units are cubic yards for excavation or concrete work and tons for structural steel.
主厂房系统爆破开挖程序和开挖方法，最直接地影响着整个工程工期、质量、安全及成本。
The excavation sequence and excavation method of the main carven system affect directly the completion date, quality, safety and cost of the project.
如何结合工程具体特点，确定最优的爆破开挖程序和开挖方法，这是主厂房系统爆破开挖的关键所在。
The key problem of the excavation of the main carven system is to determine the best excavation sequence and excavation options according to the concrete features of the project.
主要介绍了龙滩水电站三大洞室的开挖程序、开挖方法、开挖与支护之间关系，以及监测手段在工程中的指导作用。
The excavation procedure, the excavation measures, the relations between excavation and support, and the effect of the guidance of monitoring measures on project are presented in the paper.
黑河是西部管道工程采用大开挖方式穿越的距离最长的河流，原油与成品油管道采用同沟敷设方式穿越该河流。
West Pipeline crossing Heihe River is the longest crossing project by a large excavation way and the method of laying both crude oil pipeline and products pipeline in a single trench.
加筋土广泛地应用于地基加固，填方工程，挖方削坡工程等。
In soft foundation strength, filling soil, excavating project it becomes more and more widely used.
对两种开挖方法进行了计算，从而确定合理的施工程序和技术措施，为安全施工提供了理论保证。
Proper construction procedures and technical measures are decided by computing the two excavation methods, thus provide theoretical guarantee for safe construction.
目前，在爆破工程实践中，爆破工程技术人员通常凭借个人经验、工程类比或者在相似地段进行爆破试验，来决定爆破开挖方案，进行爆破孔网参数设计。
In practicing of blasting , Engineer of blasting design the scheme and parameter of blasting by the personal experience , project analogy and testing on analogical spot at present.
路基土石方工程包括：填方路基、挖方路基和特殊路基处理及其有关的作业。
Subgrade earthwork and rockwork shall include: fill subgrade earthwork, cut subgrade, special subgrade treatment and other relevant activities.
为了降低土方工程的费用，填方量应等于挖方量。
To reduce earthwork costs, the volume of the fills should be equal to the volume of the cuts .
并对中柱法这一新型的施工开挖方法进行了介绍，为以后类似工程提供借鉴。
The new excavation method, i. e. the central column method, is also described in the article, which can provide reference for future similar works.
填方区锚杆挡墙与一般的挖方区挡墙不同，在实际工程设计与施工时不能将两种挡墙一概而论。
The anchor rod retaining wall in filling area is different from the other anchor rod retaining walls using top-down method.
云峰大坝抗滑墩基础开挖工程紧邻大坝，施工中采取了控制爆破技术，即小孔径、逐排分段爆破的开挖方式。
Controlled blasting technology that is an excavation mode of small-bore and subordinate blasting row by row is used in construction.
云峰大坝抗滑墩基础开挖工程紧邻大坝，施工中采取了控制爆破技术，即小孔径、逐排分段爆破的开挖方式。
Controlled blasting technology that is an excavation mode of small-bore and subordinate blasting row by row is used in construction.
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