Researchers don't know what causes these variations in working-memory abilities - perhaps they are genetic, perhaps they arise from differences in early childhood environments or education.
研究人员还未弄明白是什么原因导致了人们工作记忆力的差异。也许是基因，或是不同成长的环境和教育程度使然。
After taking several psychological tests, the individuals who walked the city streets scored far lower on attention and working-memory tests compared to those volunteers who strolled in the park.
几轮心理测试过后发现，行走街道的志愿者在注意力和工作记忆力的测试当中，比分都远远低于漫步公园的志愿者。
Wearing the actigraph, I sat before a computer in a small windowless room and took working-memory tests.
戴着活动变化记录仪，我坐在一间无窗的小房间内的一台电脑前，进行工作记忆试验。
Working memory refers to the amount of information we hold in our heads while we perform other tasks.
工作记忆指当我们处理其他任务的时候，我们在大脑中记住的信息量。
Working memory refers to our ability to hold and manipulate limited amounts of information for a short period of time.
工作记忆是指，我们在一段短时间内掌握和使用有限数量的信息的能力。
Working memory involves the ability to remember pieces of information for a short time, but also while you are remembering them, to do something with them.
工作记忆包括在很短的时间内记忆信息的能力，而且记忆同时，还要进行处理。
Working memory capacity can still predict performance in complex domains such as music, chess, science, and maybe even in sports that have a substantial mental component such as golf.
但在诸如音乐、棋类、科学这类复杂活动中，以及诸如高尔夫这样脑力活动占相当大比重的运动中，工作记忆容量仍能起到预测表现的作用。
Working memory, housed in the prefrontal cortex, is strongly related to executive control.
大脑的工作记忆，位于前额皮质，它与执行控制有密切联系。
Larger volumes of white and grey matter in those parts might lead to better working memory and less inattentiveness.
这些部位的白质和灰质体积更大，可能会改善工作记忆，减少注意力不集中。
Another set of participants had to count backward from 1,000 by nines as they watched the clips, occupying their conscious working memory.
另一组参与者在观看视频片段时必须从1000开始倒数，依次减9，这占据了他们有意识的工作记忆。
They can attend to several things at once in the mental scratch pad called working memory, an essential skill in this era of multitasking.
他们可以在大脑的“工作记忆”区同时处理几件事，这是这个多任务时代的一项基本技能。
How quickly does working memory degrade?
工作记忆的消退有多快？
First, scientists measured the working memory of 24 police officers.
首先，科学家们测量了24名警察的工作记忆。
These lapses involve working memory — that's when you're juggling several mental balls.
这种漏洞与工作记忆有关——它发生在你用好几个精神上的球玩杂耍时。
The chemical is also in separate clinical trials to see if it improves working memory in the elderly.
它也在另一项临床实验中研究看其是否对老年人的工作记忆有改善。
Define a method (called assert in this example) to create the fact and post it to the working memory.
定义一个方法(该示例中称为断言)来创建事实，并将事实发布到工作存储器。
It had no significant effect in either smokers or nonsmokers on spatial working memory, information processing speed, or sustained attention.
在空间工作记忆、信息处理速度或者持续关注方面，对吸烟者和非吸烟者来说都没有显著作用。
Interestingly, those that test well on working memory tasks also seem to do well at learning, reading comprehension and problem solving.
且有趣的是，那些在工作记忆任务中测试成绩较好的人，其在学习，阅读理解和解决问题上的能力也都较好。
If an object should no longer be part of the knowledge, then you should retract that object from the working memory (see Listing 15).
如果对象不再是知识的一部分，则应将该对象从工作内存中撤回(参见清单15)。
The Guanfacine drug seems to be safe, since it's already approved to use in ADHD patients to regulate impulses and improve working memory.
这种药已被获准用于小儿多动症患者以控制神经冲动和提高工作记忆，现在看起来似乎还是安全的。
As a concrete example of how to modify current knowledge in the working memory, I'll rewrite the rules source file I discussed earlier.
作为关于如何修改工作内存中当前知识的具体例子，我将重新编写前面讨论的规则源文件。
The first element simply checks for the existence of a Machine instance in the working memory.
第一个元素只检查工作内存中是否存在一个Machine实例。
With this approach, a Machine instance is the only knowledge available to the working memory at all times.
按照这种方法，任何时候工作内存中惟一可用的知识是Machine实例。
When an object is removed from the working memory, any conditional elements (of any rule) that had a reference to this object cannot be evaluated now.
当从工作内存中移除对象之后，引用该对象的（属于任何规则的）任何条件元素将不被求值。
A new study now shows that visual working memory can influence our perceptions, so that mental images in the mind's eye can alter the way we see things.
一项新研究表明，视觉工作记忆可以影响我们的感知，所以记忆中的心理影像可以改变我们感知事物的方式。
This process is called "working memory," and it allows us to recall information, such as where the car keys were left, even when that information must be constantly updated.
这个过程称为“工作记忆”，它使得我们能回忆起一些信息(比如车钥匙放在哪儿了)，即使这类信息经常需要更新，我们仍能记住。
The doctoral student added that future research should analyse the impact of mood on working memory storage capacity in real life situations, such as in a classroom setting.
该博士生还称日后的研究应该分析现实生活（如在课堂环境）中心情对工作记忆存储能力影响。
Although there seems to be a cap on the average number of things a person can remember at once, basic working memory capacity does vary among individuals.
尽管人们一次能记住的数量似乎有个平均上线，基本的工作记忆量却因人而异。
In a provocative new paper, Hambrick suggests working memory capacity — which is closely related to general intelligence — may sometimes be the deciding factor between good and great.
在一份引发争议的新论文中，汉布瑞克暗示，工作记忆容量——跟一般智力密切相关的因素——有时候可能在判别平庸与伟大间起决定性作用的因素。
In a provocative new paper, Hambrick suggests working memory capacity — which is closely related to general intelligence — may sometimes be the deciding factor between good and great.
在一份引发争议的新论文中，汉布瑞克暗示，工作记忆容量——跟一般智力密切相关的因素——有时候可能在判别平庸与伟大间起决定性作用的因素。
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