This paper makes a systematic exposition of Schools of urban study after the second world war, including their forming processes, theories and approaches and new progresses.
本文全面地阐述了战后西方城市研究学派的形成过程、理论和方法以及进展。
Those wishing to study urban development have a ready-made example on their doorstep.
那些想研究城市开发的人眼前有一个极其方便的例子。
Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people's mental well-being, a study has suggested.
一项研究表明，生活在有绿色空间的城市地区对人们的心理健康有长期的积极影响。
Co-author Mathew White, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety.
来自英国埃克塞特大学的合著者马修·怀特解释说，这项研究表明，生活在绿化较好的城市地区的人们表现出的抑郁或焦虑症状较少。
As urban environments become ever more complicated and interconnected, they present us with new opportunities to study how they work - and to make them better places to live in.
由于城市环境变得更加错综复杂，这就要求我们用新的方法去研究城市怎么能更好的运转——让城市变得更加适合人们居住。
The participants were all part of a long-term housing study by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).
参加者都是住房和城市发展部进行的长期住房研究的一部分。
Living in urban areas has helped people develop an immunity to diseases, a study published today suggested.
今天公布的一项研究表明，住在城市地区，有助于人们增强对疾病的抵抗力。
But urban life may have also influenced human genes, making the descendants of ancient city dwellers more resistant to disease. That's according to a study in the journal Evolution.
但是，根据《进化》杂志刊登的一项研究，城市生活也可影响人类基因，使得古城居民的后代对疾病更具抵抗力。
According to the 2006 study, only 28% of Dutch urban women set themselves lofty goals, only 16% aim to reach the top, and just 10% are ready to sacrifice aspects of family life for a career.
根据2006年的研究，只有28%的荷兰城市女性给自己设定很高的目标，只有16%希望达到最好，而只有10%准备牺牲家庭生活来达到事业目标。
The study involved experiments conducted on four jungle crows, the type most commonly found in Japanese cities and often regarded as an urban nuisance due to their booming population.
他们对丛林中四只乌鸦进行了试验研究。这四只乌鸦都是日本城市经常看见的品种，由于繁殖过快，常常看作是城市祸害。
According to a study by Pennsylvania State University, returns to investment in human capital are much lower in rural areas than in urban ones.
根据宾夕法尼亚州立大学的一项研究，在边远的农村，人力资源投入的回报要远远低于城市。
There was a nice study done in urban Chicago, in the inner city of Chicago.
在芝加哥市区，做一个很好的研究，在芝加哥市内。
Families that migrate to Dhaka are able to increase their monthly household spending by an average of 40 percent, according to recent Bank study on urban poverty in Bangladesh.
世行近期在孟加拉进行的城市贫困研究表明，移居到达卡的家庭能够将每月的家庭支出平均提高40%。
This was a longitudinal pilot study of 50 patients recruited consecutively from one rural hospital, one urban hospital and two urban health centres.
这是一项在一所农村医院、一所城市医院以及两所城市健康中心连续招募的50位病人开展的纵向试点研究。
A study of urban pigeons in central Paris has shown that birds with higher levels of the dark pigment melanin have stronger immune systems.
一个对巴黎市中心的城市鸽子的研究显示，黑色素水平较高的鸽子有更强的免疫系统。
The study was conducted by the city health department and the federal Centers for Disease Control's Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. It was released in the Journal of Urban Health.
该研究由纽约市卫生署和联邦疾病防控中心有毒物质与疾病登记处联合开展，研究结果在《城市健康杂志》上发表。
In the Netherlands, 70 per cent of all trees in urban areas show the same symptoms, compared with 10 per cent five years ago, the study found. Trees in densely forested areas are not affected.
在荷兰的城市地区，有70%的树木出现了类似的症状，而10年前这个数据只有10%，同时树木相对稠密的森林倒没有受到什么影响。
According to one study, two-fifths of all boys of secondary-school age in urban India are getting some after-school tutoring.
根据一项调查显示，在印度城市里，上中学的男孩中的五分之二都上课外家教。
The IPCC's 2007 report used the study to justify the claim that "any urban-related trend" in global temperatures was small.
IPCC 2007年的报告用那项研究来证明“任何城市相关的发展趋势”对全球温度的影响都很小。
The study did have some limitations, sampling more women and city residents - 152 urban districts compared to 112 rural villages.
研究确实带有局限性。比如，测试中女性和城市居民偏多——152座城市和112个村庄。
Choice was not a luxury afforded only to townies: the study found that patients outside city centres were more likely to attend a hospital other than their local one than were urban denizens.
选择权不是只有城里人才能享用的奢侈品：研究发现城镇中心以外的病人比城镇居民更倾向于进入非当地的医院。
For example, women and men's transport needs vary, a study by the Taiyuan Urban transport Project found.
例如，“太原城市交通项目”所做的调查发现，女性和男性的交通需求是不同的。
In the second study participants weren't even allowed to leave the lab but instead some stared at pictures of natural scenes while others looked at urban environments.
在第二个实验中，要求被试不能离开实验室，而是一些人盯着一些自然景色图片看，另一些人看着城市景象。
While urban elites attend private schools and study abroad, some 75 percent of the labor force only has a basic level of education or less.
尽管城市富人就读私立学校并留学海外，但仍有75%左右的劳动力只接受过初等或初等以下教育。
Architect Eugene Tsui originally conceived the idea of the Ultima Tower as part of a study of the compact urban area of San Francisco.
建筑师崔悦君设计的终极塔楼的想法最初来源于他关于紧凑的旧金山地域的一部分研究。
A 2010 study of single, childless urban workers between the ages of 22 and 30 found that the women actually earned 8 percent more than the men.
2010年对22至30岁的单身无子女城镇职工进行研究，发现女性实际上收入比男性多8%。
A 2010 study of single, childless urban workers between the ages of 22 and 30 found that the women actually earned 8 percent more than the men.
2010年对22至30岁的单身无子女城镇职工进行研究，发现女性实际上收入比男性多8%。
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