As discussed above, when Host a wants to establish a TCP connection to destination Host d, it sends a TCP segment with the SYN flag set first.
如上所述，当主机A想建立到目的地主机d的TCP连接时，它首先发送设置了SYN标志的tcp段。
Using this method, you can at least know (or guess, rather) what TCP segment sizes are likely to be passed through without getting fragmented at the IP level.
使用这种方法，您至少可以了解(或者猜测)在不对ip层进行分片的情况下可能通过的tcp报文段的大小。
Consider a TCP connection establishment in which a client does an active open and a server does a passive open. Moreover, the acknowledgment from the client (the third TCP segment) is lost.
这个我清楚，但是三次握手过程中，客户端没有在要求服务器端发送一个确认包确认他已经收到了第三个包啊！
TCP packet or segment: TCP is a reliable, connection oriented protocol.
tcp包或段：TCP是可靠的、面向连接的协议。
The IP Gateway uses this protocol to segment the TCP connection, improve TCP performance and efficiency obviously and increase channel utilization in application.
网关采用该协议将TCP连接分段，在应用中明显地改善了TCP在宽带卫星信道上传输的性能，增加TCP的信道利用率。
This parameter controls the number of times that TCP retransmits an individual data segment (not connection request segments) before aborting the connection.
此参数控制在中止连接之前TCP重新传输单个数据片段(不是连接请求片段)的次数。
Once sending a segment, TCP sets a timer and waits for the ACK.
每发出一个报文段，TCP就设定一个定时器并等待确认信息。
If the timer expires before data in the segment is acknowledged, TCP assumes that the segment has lost or being damaged, and a retransmission is sent.
如果在报文段中的数据未确认之前定时器超时，TCP就认为该报文段已经丢失或出现损坏，从而重传这一报文段。
TCP may generate an immediate acknowledgment (a duplicate ack) when an out - of-order segment is received.
当收到一个出问题的分片，Tcp立即产生一个应答。
TCP may generate an immediate acknowledgment (a duplicate ack) when an out - of-order segment is received.
当收到一个出问题的分片，Tcp立即产生一个应答。
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