For studying, that means turning off Facebook and not task-switching.
对于学习最好是将facebook关掉，而且不要随意切换工作窗口。
As a result, task-switching leads to time lost as the brain determines which task to perform.
所以，多任务转换直接导致了大脑浪费很多时间去决定回应那一个。
It's not just the time wasted but also that the person has to regain focus after the meeting, which creates waste from task-switching, too.
这不但会浪费时间，当人们参加会议之后重新转移注意力，也会产生来自任务切换的时间消耗。
A famous media multitasking study found that "heavy" multitaskers are more susceptible to distractions and therefore worse at task-switching effectively.
一项著名的媒体多线程研究发现，那些“重度”的一心多用者更易分心，因此也就在有效切换任务方面做得更差。
The practical up shots of this research are nothing you won't have heard before: check you email less, remember the costs of task-switching, keep email succinct.
这项研的实际用途你可能从未听说过：减少检查邮件的次数，记住转换工作花费的时间，把邮件写的简短。
If the defect is not impeding progress, it could be argued that task-switching for each defect generates more waste due to intellectual restart time for developers.
如果缺陷不在进程之中，那么由于开发员的人为重启操作，每项缺陷的任务切换会产生更多的消耗量。
This creates more conflicts and task-switching, as illustrated in Figure 8 by the dotted line and the wider yellow stripe indicating a longer period of resource conflict.
这创造了更多的冲突和任务交换，图8中用点画线和黄色条显示，暗示了一个更长的资源冲突时期。
Finally, researchers presented participants with a series of colored shapes, but they mixed prompts for either a shape or a color to test participants' task-switching times.
最后，研究者们给参与者一系列有颜色的形状，不过问题中既有让参与者回答形状的，又有让他们回答颜色的，测试他们任务转换所花的时间。
While switch costs has received extensive attention and made substantial progress in recent task-switching research, less progress has been made with regard to the study of mixing costs.
在任务转换的研究中，转换代价的问题得到广泛的关注，并已取得了卓有成效的成果，而关于混合代价的研究则比较薄弱。
This is due to extra task switching.
这主要是由于额外的任务转换。
In an ideal world, there would be limited task switching.
在一个理想的世界中，有有限的任务切换。
Context Switching, is defined as changing focus and attention from one task to the other in relatively short periods of time.
在相对短的时间内，把注意力从一个任务切换到另一个任务，这就是“切换上下文”的定义。
Context switching in a complex task environment like software development is a major problem.
在软件开发这样的复杂任务环境中上下文切换也是个问题。
Also, undertaking projects in sequence rather than loading individuals or teams with many projects at once can alleviate some task switching.
同样，按照顺序操作项目，而不是让个人或者团队一次参入到多个项目，可以有效地改善一些任务切换问题。
All that switching about shortens the attention span and lessens your ability to enjoy and be at peace with the task at hand.
在多个目标中切换只会减弱你的注意力，减少享受的乐趣，并干扰手头上的任务。
In fact, I've delivered the Iteration2 milestones early without the overhead of task switching. 11.
事实上，我在没有高层任务开关时早就发布了迭代2里程碑。
Specific to virtualization, the KVM additions add support for nested paging and x86 hardware task switching. ZDNet also points out.
具体到虚拟化，K VM新增了对嵌套分页和x86硬件任务切换的支持。
Task switching and hand-offs are similar kinds of waste.
任务切换和交接是相似类型的消耗。
Switching from a manual writing task to an automated process for generating technical documentation requires the administrators to write programs and scripts for automating these processes.
从手工编写文档转换到自动生成技术文档要求系统管理员编写自动执行这些过程的程序和脚本。
Switching over to use the task is as easy as flipping from to and providing the same command-line parameters as attributes to the task tag, as shown in Listing 3-2.
切换到使用任务，只要简单地把改成，然后把命令行参数套用为同名的属性，如代码段3 - 2所示。
They were also given the option of switching from the computer task to an entertainment site, where they could read cartoons or play computer games instead.
孩子们也可以选择娱乐代替这项任务，比如可以看漫画或是玩电脑游戏。
For users reared on GUI-oriented commercial operating systems, switching to open source POSIX-type OSes can be an onerous task.
对于面向图形用户界面的商业操作系统养育出来的用户，换用开源POSIX类的操作系统可能是一项困难重重的任务。
Many of us spend more time switching from task to task than actually accomplishing something.
我们中的许多人把许多时间花费在在一个又一个工作之间团团转，而不是真正静下来做成某一件事情。
Switching active tasks is done through the task List.
可以通过TaskList切换活动任务。
Thee process of switching from one task to another in a multitasking operating system.
在多任务操作系统中我一个任务切换到另一个的过程。
Still to come should be Mulinsky's high-level discussion of what he sees as the remaining 3 software wastes of Task Switching, Delays, and Defects.
Mulinsky应该很快会继续其余3个软件浪费的话题：在不同的任务间切换，延期和缺陷。
Based on model predictive control techniques, MCC is a multivariable constrained optimal controller with easy task switching.
基于模型预测控制技术的MCC是一种带有约束、多变量和灵活控制任务切换的优化控制器。
Task switching is an important paradigm in the study of executive control.
任务切换是当前研究执行控制的重要范式。
Task switching as an important paradigm in the study of control mechanisms provides a possible method for investigating some aspects of these controls.
任务转换作为当前研究控制机制的重要范式为我们了解执行控制和自动控制过程以及它们之间的相互关系提供了可能。
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