Stop, and then restart the Certificate Services service. To do so
停止，然后重新启动“证书服务”服务。
Understand the history of SOAP, as well as its relation to Web services, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), and Representational State Transfer (REST).
了解SOAP的历史，以及它与Web服务、面向服务架构(SOA)和具象状态传输(Representational State Transfer, REST)之间的关系。
What standardization of services, service definitions, and descriptions is appropriate?
什么样的服务规范、服务定义和描述才是适合的？
Enforce test procedures and strategies for the best realization of services (service testing).
执行测试过程和策略以获得最佳服务实现(服务测试)。
Policies are applied to different subjects including: services, service development, people, processes and procedures.
政策被应用到多种事物上，包括服务、服务开发、人员、流程和过程。
Govern change management and versioning of services (service versioning change management).
控制服务的更改管理和版本管理(服务版本管理和更改管理)。
At the bottom are existing enterprise and third party systems exposed as Web services: service interfaces defined using WSDL and messages encapsulated as SOAP documents.
底部是公开为Web服务的现有企业和第三方系统：使用WSDL定义的服务接口和封装为SOAP文档的消息。
If the goal aims at providing a service or a group of services, service interoperability becomes a top concern.
如果目标针对的是提供一个服务或一组服务，那么服务互操作性就成为首要关注的事情。
As services, service data elements, and service providers and consumers proliferate, people lose track of all the pieces.
随着服务、服务数据元素、服务提供商和使用者的增多，人们会无法跟踪它们。
Semantics for cross-boundary services, service discovery and visibility into services.
跨域服务、服务发现和服务可见性的语义。
Concepts such as components, which offer services (service interfaces) and use other services (references), exist in both component models.
提供服务(服务接口)和使用其他服务(引用)的诸如组件的概念存在于这两种组件模型中。
The lower layers (services, service components, and operational systems) are provider concerns, while the upper layers (services, business processes, and consumers) are consumer concerns.
较低层（服务、服务组件和操作系统）与提供者有关，而较上层（服务、业务流程和使用者）与使用者有关。
The three fundamental constructs of the SOA models are services, service components (implementations that realize those services), and flows (or processes) that orchestrate the services.
soa模型中三个基础构造是服务、服务组件(实现这些服务的实现实体)和编排服务的流(或流程)。
Services, service orientation, service oriented architectures.
服务、面向服务、面向服务的架构。
Navigate to Services => Service providers.
导航到Services =>Serviceproviders。
Navigate to Services => Service providers.
导航到Services =>Serviceproviders。
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