BACKGROUND: protein evolution gives rise to families of structurally related proteins, within which sequence identities can be extremely low.
背景：蛋白质的进化产生了结构上相关的蛋白质家族，其中的序列特性可能是非常低的。
This is one of the strongest predictors of rates of protein evolution known, indicating that this dual coding role is vastly more influential than previously believed.
这是测定目前已知蛋白进化率的最好的一个工具，双重功能基因的作用范围远比以前人们所认识的还要广泛。
If protein evolution is due in large part to slightly deleterious amino acid substitutions, then the rate of evolution should be greater in proteins that contribute less to individual fitness.
分子演化被认为在很大程度上是由稍微有害的氨基酸取代的传播驱动的。
Examining the evolution of one protein, a team of scientists declares the answer is no, saying new mutations make it practically impossible for evolution to reverse direction.
通过研究一种蛋白质的进化历程，一个科研小组声明：答案是不行！新的突变是不可能使进化朝向逆转方向的。
There are also genes that no longer make a protein; these defective remnants of evolution are called pseudogenes.
也有基因不再制造蛋白，这些进化中的残余物称为假基因。
What’s more, it’s a kind of protein — calleda three-finger protein — that is involved in other “striking examplesof local evolution, ” Brockes says.
布罗克斯说，更为重要的是，有一种“三指蛋白质”可以视为“局部进化的关键性例子”。
Estimating of substitution number of amino acids is basic statistic methods of measuring evolution distance between proteins, which is the base of researching molecular evolution of protein.
氨基酸替代数的估计是测定蛋白质分子间进化距离的基本统计方法，是研究蛋白质分子进化的基础。
Protein molecular evolution is one of new gene technologies and the recent advance on its thoughts and methods is reviewed in this paper.
蛋白质分子进化技术是一项新兴的基因工程技术，本文论述了其技术思想及技术手段的研究进展。
Directed evolution has been widely used in the studying of modifying or enhancing protein performance.
定向进化已经被广泛用于修饰和加强蛋白质性能的研究。
High oil maize and elite protein maize is the new kind of maize of artificial evolution that is produced under the maize breeding direction.
高油玉米、优质蛋白玉米，是在玉米育种学指导下产生的人工进化玉米新类型。
Protein dispensability has great relevance for our understanding of evolution, cellular molecular physiology and disease.
基因重要性对于我们理解物种进化、细胞生理以及疾病发生有很大帮助。
Artificial evolution has emerged in the past few years as a powerful alternative to rational approaches for engineering protein.
蛋白质人为进化是目前蛋白质工程研究的热点之一。
So that scientists find it strange that the Duffy protein gene dissipated and black African origin-specific anti-malaria gene appears to be the evolution of the times at the same time.
令科学家感到奇怪的是，达菲蛋白质基因消退和非洲裔黑人特有的抗疟疾基因的演进过程似乎是同时并进的。
Molecular databases have long since become a powerful tool for the study of molecular evolution and the prediction of protein function.
分子数据库很久以前就成为分子进化研究和蛋白质功能预测的一种强大工具。
Multiple sequence alignment is one of the essential tools of studying bioinformatics and it plays an important role in the evolution analysis and protein structure prediction.
多序列比对是一种重要的生物信息学工具，在生物的进化分析以及蛋白质的结构预测方面有著重要的应用。
This article summarized the characteristics, evolution approach, evolution routines and the successful examples of the two protein modification strategies.
本文将两种蛋白质设计策略的特点、各自使用的方法、进化路线及最近三年在酶工程改造上取得的成就加以总结。
At present the best measure of settling the difficult problem is protein molecular evolution engineering.
而目前解决这一难题的有效方法是分子进化工程。
Her research interests include the structure and evolution of genomes, the properties of protein surfaces and interfaces, and prediction of protein structure.
她的研究兴趣包括基因组结构和进化、蛋白质表面和界面特性，以及蛋白质结构预测。
Her research interests include the structure and evolution of genomes, the properties of protein surfaces and interfaces, and prediction of protein structure.
她的研究兴趣包括基因组结构和进化、蛋白质表面和界面特性，以及蛋白质结构预测。
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