First transformation: project estimation from use cases.
首个转换：来自用例的项目估计。
Project estimation tools provide estimates of effort and duration based on the available information.
项目估算工具根据可用信息提供工作及持续时间的估计。
Responsible for managing full-lifecycle activities in large project, including project estimation, requirement analysis, design, coding, and testing.
负责大型项目的从项目估计，需求分析，基本设计，详细设计，编码到测试的全过程的管理和协调；
Each part of the software project estimation must use certain management methods. Appropriate management methods can raise the accuracy of the software project estimation.
软件项目估算的每一个部分都要用到一定的估算管理方法，良好的估算管理方法可以提高软件项目估算的准确度。
So construction area calculating methods could not exchange, which should be paid attention especially of the project estimation, between construction and real estate industry.
因此，在建筑行业和房地产行业的各自建筑面积不能相互套用，不同时期的建筑面积不能相互代替使用，特别是在工程估价中应深究慎用。
Each addition to the development case should be balanced with the expected benefits in terms of time saving, quality gain, or providing a basis for project estimation, planning, and scope management.
向开发案例中添加的每一项元素都应该根据期望的效益进行平衡，您需要考虑的方面包括：时间节省、质量获得，或为项目评估、计划和范围管理提供的基础。
On the other hand, estimation is expected early in the project.
另一方面，估算是在项目的早期进行预测的。
A project manager may want to improve estimation for future new and maintenance development activities.
项目经理可能想改进对于未来新的和维护开发活动的估计。
It provides a valuable input for cost estimation, scheduling, and evaluating the progress of the project.
它是成本估算、日程、评估项目进展时会用到的很有价值的输入。
Blue-skying about the product, with just the ideas given here, in the roughly half-hour we had, we did some estimation for the project.
上面列出的这些只是我们在半个小时内得出一些构想，我们为这个项目做了一些估计。
RUP also completely ignores some important project management-related activities, including people management, resource planning and estimation, escalation, and contact management.
RUP还完全地忽略了一些与项目管理相关的重要活动，包括人员管理、资源计划和估算、扩大，和联系管理。
You should account for the overhead of implementing and maintaining this automation during effort estimation and project planning.
在工作预估和项目规划期间，应该考虑实现和维护此自动化的开销。
Selecting the best technique or combination of estimation methods to apply to a project has become a large problem for software teams.
对于软件团队来说，一个很大的问题是在项目中选择哪些最佳的技术或者评估方法的组合。
For agile teams, it means realistic estimation because of the automated tracking of time spent, providing accurate project tracking and visibility.
对于敏捷团队来说，这意味着更加实际的估算，因为自动跟踪所花费的时间可以提供精确的项目跟踪与可视化功能。
Integration based estimation approach can help you focus on the most time-consuming tasks within your project, and integration tasks often take most of the time in a project.
根据集成的评估方法可以帮助您集中处理项目中最耗时的任务，集成任务通常会耗费大多数项目时间。
Identifying a list of core tasks will help you call out all the other details in your planning phase, project plan, estimation, and tracking.
确定核心任务的列表将有助于您列出计划阶段、项目计划、评估和跟踪中的所有其他细节。
Activities such as requirements gathering, project organization and planning, staffing, estimation, monitoring, and reporting all occur in both types of projects.
诸如需求搜集、项目组织和管理、人员安排、评估、监控和报告等等活动都出现在这两种类型的项目中。
It is largely impractical to use algorithmic methods for business case estimation, as the majority of project factors cannot be accounted for.
使用算法方法显然是不切实际的，这主要是因为项目主要参数无法计算。
Agree to use broad estimation ranges rather than single-point estimates and to refine them periodically as the project progresses.
同意给出一个交货日期区间，而不是一个时间点。 可以随着项目的进展而缩短交货区间。
In any case, give some thought to the size of this project and how much (or how little) estimation you can do.
无论如何，思考一下这个项目的大小，看看你能预估多少东西。
On past projects, planning has taken place over a number of documents (planning documents, project plans, estimation spreadsheets, and so on), with rounds of meetings and reviews.
对于过去的项目，计划涉及到了一系列文件（计划文件，项目计划，估计传单以及等等）还要举行会议并进行检查。
In other organizations, estimation is performed by architects or by a collaborative effort between the project manager and the architect.
而在其他组织中，评估由架构师进行，或由项目经理和架构师合作完成。
Architects might read the entire series but they could focus on chapters 2-4, which cover the portal workshop, project planning and task estimation, and portal design.
架构师可能需要阅读整个系列，不过他们可以把主要精力放在第2 - 4章，其中介绍了门户研讨会、项目计划和任务评估、以及门户设计。
Anyone involved in enterprise project planning has to keep in mind that accurate estimation is first and foremost about the right attitude.
任何参与企业项目计划的人都要牢记准确的评估首先与正确的态度有关。
The importance of accurate estimation to a RUP project cannot be overstated.
RUP项目中评估精度的重要性不能被夸大。
Providing inputs for other project management processes like estimation, scheduling, risk assessment etc.
为其他项目管理过程如估算、进度安排、风险评估等提供输入。
Additional estimation problems can arise when the pace of a project has to change in mid-stream, and, therefore, new resources must be added.
当项目运行到中间需要增加资源时，会出现另外的问题。
Project management tasks (estimation, assignment, tracking).
项目管理任务(估计，分配作业，跟踪)。
The key differences in estimation activities on an iterative software development project versus one governed by a waterfall approach are.
迭代软件开发项目的评估活动与瀑布方法的主要不同之处是。
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