Potential output is hard to estimate, let alone predict.
潜在产出很难评估，更别说预测。
Factory managers understate their potential output.
工厂的管理人员少报他们的潜在产量。
It requires aggregate demand to return to, and exceed, potential output.
这要使总需求恢复、并超过潜在需求。
Potential output is growing even as actual output and employment stutter.
尽管实际产出和就业状况跌跌撞撞，潜在产出正在增长。
By looking at such trends, economists can estimate future potential output.
纵观这些趋势，经济学家们便能大致估计出未来的潜在产出。
If the AS curve slope upward, actual output is below potential output.
如果AS曲线的斜率是向上的，真实的输出是在潜在输出的下面。
Just how far below its potential output the economy is operating is a vexed question.
经济运行的潜力到底还有多大是个争论不休的问题。
And if that happens, potential output growth will too, unless productivity growth accelerates.
除非生产率增长加速上涨，否则情况不会改观。
In the 1960s potential output accelerated to around 4% a year, largely because more women got jobs.
在上个世纪60年代时潜在产出增长到大约每年4%，很大程度上是因为更多的妇女参加了工作。
With only one-third of the screen occupied by each primary, two-thirds of the potential output is wasted.
屏幕中仅三分之一是由各种原色占有，其余三分之二的潜在输出色也就浪费了。
As a result, potential output can temporarily diverge from its underlying trends, making it even harder to estimate.
因此，潜在产出会暂时偏离它的总趋势，这使得对它的估计更加困难。
The OECD now reckons that the fallout from the financial crisis will, on average, knock some 3% off rich countries’ potential output.
OECD现在认为，金融危机的附带效果将会使富裕国家的潜在产出平均下降3%。
Indexing the retirement age to longevity would both reduce future costs and encourage people to work longer, boosting potential output.
依据寿命修改退休年龄来降低未来的付出、鼓励人们工作更长年限，提升潜在产能。
Against the backdrop of weaker than desirable global recovery, structural reform is key to boost productivity and potential output.
在全球经济复苏弱于预期的背景下，结构性改革是提高生产力和潜在产出的关键。
The OECD now reckons that the fallout from the financial crisis will, on average, knock some 3% off rich countries' potential output.
如今OECD预计，财政危机的影响会使富裕国家的潜在出产降低平均3%个百分点。
If recovery does take hold, there is plenty of room to grow because of the amount of spare capacity (even if potential output has taken a hit).
如果真的实现了复苏，由于有了大量的空闲生产能力（即使潜在产出曾受到打击）经济就会有增长空间。
Econometric models generally have a short-aggregate supply component with fixed prices, and aggregate demand portion, and a potential output component.
计量经济学模式一般有短期的总供给的组成部分：固定的物价，总需求的一部分，和一个潜在的产出组成部分。
Specially as is pointed, the output gap (the difference of actual output and potential output) has already become a very important a signal of the policy.
特别要指出的是，产出缺口(实际产出和潜在产出的差额)已经成为一个很重要的政策指标。
The Treasury has lopped 5% off the level of potential output, but thinks that trend growth from that lower base will be the same as before, around 2.75% a year.
财政部已经把潜在产量的预期下调了5%，但仍认为增长趋势还和以前一样是大约每年2.75%。
If the underlying growth rate of productive capacity had remained the same, this would imply that the economy was operating around 10% below its potential output.
如果生产能力潜在生长率保持不变，意味着经济比其潜在产出能力减少10%。
It is critical for the policy maker who is in charge of formulating appropriate macroeconomic policies to estimate potential output and output gap accurately.
准确估计潜在产出、计算产出缺口对于政策制定者制定恰当的宏观经济政策是至关重要的。
Financial markets will be disturbed as conventional wisdom adjusts from an assumption of 3-3.5% potential output growth, and investors downgrade their expectations.
人们通常会以3-3.5%的潜在产出增长为标准进行调整，如此一来，金融市场将会受到扰动，投资者也会调低他们的预期。
Why would fiscal policy be effective where the economy is relatively distant from potential output but not in an economy where aggregate supply curve is steep?
为什么当经济相对远离潜在产出时，而不是在一个经济体在总供给曲线是陡峭的时候财政政策才是有效的？
But also, don't be surprised when policy mistakes combine with unexpected shocks to leave the economy substantially short of potential output and full employment.
但同时，当决策失误加上意料之外的冲击使经济增长缓慢、失业频发时，也不要大为吃惊。
The Treasury thinks Britain will get off more lightly.It has lopped 5% off potential output, but has not changed its view that subsequent trend growth will remain at 2.75%.
财政部认为英国下滑程度要小些：英国失去了5%的潜在产出能力，但财政部没有改变接下来的增长率保持在2.75%的看法。
A macro-economic ratio that compares actual output to potential output, the maximum possible production in a given period of time, using existing plant and equipment.
宏观经济指标之一，是实际产出与产出能力的比率。产出能力指在一定时间内利用现有的厂房和设备所能生产的最大产出量。
The Treasury thinks Britain will get off more lightly. It has lopped 5% off potential output, but has not changed its view that subsequent trend growth will remain at 2.75%.
财政部认为英国下滑程度要小些：英国失去了5%的潜在产出能力，但财政部没有改变接下来的增长率保持在2.75%的看法。
We firstly estimate the inflation expectations and potential output, and then we describe the dynamics of Phillips curve based on the inflation expectation error and output gap.
我们首先估计出了预期通货膨胀率和潜在经济增长率，然后依据通货膨胀预期误差和产出缺口的关系来描述我国菲利普斯曲线的动态特征。
We firstly estimate the inflation expectations and potential output, and then we describe the dynamics of Phillips curve based on the inflation expectation error and output gap.
我们首先估计出了预期通货膨胀率和潜在经济增长率，然后依据通货膨胀预期误差和产出缺口的关系来描述我国菲利普斯曲线的动态特征。
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