Systems biology approaches are being increasingly applied to the exploration of host-pathogen interactions, including the impact of viral infection on innate and adaptive immunity.
系统生物学的方法，正在越来越多地应用于宿主-病原体相互作用的探索，包括病毒感染先天免疫和适应性免疫的影响。
Variation in light intensity may influence the host -pathogen interactions distinctly.
自然生境中光照强度的变化对寄主—病原菌体系的影响十分明显。
In insect pathogen interactions, host developmental stage is among several factors that influence the induction of immune responses.
昆虫与病原菌相互作用过程中，宿主的发育时期是引起其免疫反应发生变化的因素之一。
In insect pathogen interactions, host developmental stage is among several factors that influence the induction of immune responses.
昆虫与病原菌相互作用过程中，宿主的发育时期是引起其免疫反应发生变化的因素之一。
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