U.S. policies encouraged over-consumption and over-borrowing, and unless we understand where these policies came from, we have no hope of addressing the causes of this crisis.
美国政策鼓励过度消费和过度借款，除非我们明白这一政策从哪儿来，我们就不要指望能找出这次危机的真正原因。
U. s. policies encouraged over-consumption and over-borrowing, and unless we understand where these policies came from, we have no hope of addressing the causes of this crisis.
美国政策鼓励过度消费和过度借款，除非我们明白这一政策从哪儿来，我们就不要指望能找出这次危机的真正原因。
Although the shift from external to domestic borrowing can reduce vulnerability to external shocks, it also carries risks from possible over-borrowing or inadequate supervision.
虽然从借外债转向借内债可以增强对外部冲击的抵御能力，但是也带来可能出现过度借债或监管不当的风险。
After all, battles over federal borrowing and spending go back to George Washington.
追根溯源，联邦借贷和支出的争吵要回归到乔治·华盛顿。
Greece's borrowing costs rose to a record high yesterday amid concern in financial markets over the differences between eurozone countries on the details of any rescue.
希腊的借贷成本昨日升至创纪录高点。欧元区国家间在救援希腊具体措施上的分歧令金融市场担心。
"If we can get over the May borrowing hump, it's a relatively smooth cruise for the rest of the year," says one trader in Athens.
“如果我们能解决五月份的借款，那今年剩下的借款将会相对顺利。”一位雅典的交易员说。
Several of the technocrats who presided over Dubai’s boomtime borrowing have been sidelined. The people now in charge may feel less beholden to Dubai’s creditors.
曾经在迪拜繁荣时期掌管借贷事务的技术官员，其中有一部分已经被撩了在一边，而当下掌舵者对于债权人的态度，好像也不再像过去那样心存感激。
We have spent over a trillion dollars at war, often financed by borrowing from overseas. This, in turn, has short-changed investments in our own people, and contributed to record deficits.
我们在战争中的耗费超过一万亿美元，而且经常从国外借贷资金。
The last 2 years have learned that when borrowing cost reach 7%... it is game over.
过去两年的经验告诉我们，一旦借贷成本达到7%，那么可以说是……玩儿完啦。
Yet there was a common ingredient in most failures: an over-reliance on wholesale borrowing.
然而，在大多数失败典型中有一个共同的特征，即过度依赖大规模的借贷。
Towards that end, the Fed, the Treasury and the Congress are all eager to restart borrowing for over-extended consumers and prevent foreclosures of indebted homeowners.
为此，美联储、财政部和国会都急欲推动举债过度的消费者重新开始借钱，并防止负债累累的房主陷入止赎境地。
Foreign-currency borrowing, 95% of it in Swiss francs, accounts for over two-thirds of total lending.
匈牙利的外币借入有95%是以瑞士法郎存在，占总借出量的三分之二以上。
Concerns over contagion have caused sovereign credit-default swap spreads to widen, and the cost of borrowing to rise.
对于该扩散的担心引起了主权信用违约互换利差扩大，借贷成本增加。
Anyone who has ever borrowed money can relate to the debate over raising America's borrowing limit.
任何曾经借过款的人都可以牵扯到关于提高美国债务上限的辩论中。
This would appear to give them a decisive advantage over Western Banks that rely on fickle borrowing markets to do business.
这似乎使新兴市场银行相对于依赖变幻莫测的拆借市场来做生意的西方银行具有决定性优势。
And the lessons from past financial crises remain clear - excessive borrowing, whether external or domestic, is risky, and problems in one arena can quickly spill over into the other.
从以往金融危机中得到的教训仍很清楚-过度借债，无论是外债还是内债，都是有风险的，而且一个方面的问题很快就会外溢到另一个方面。
This spreading fear within the eurozone explains the sharp leap in the additional borrowing costs France has to pay over Germany.
正是由于欧元区内部的这种恐惧蔓延，法国相对于德国的收益率息差大幅飙升。
Remember, over the generations, we have been very careful to keep the total level of debt well below the borrowing capacity of our economy so far as federal issuance is concerned.
记住，数代以来，在联邦发债的问题上，我们一直都非常小心地保持着让整体债务水平明显低于美国经济的借款能力。
The first is that national bank bail-outs would increase state borrowing relative to GDP, which could raise question-marks over some sovereign credit ratings.
这会带来另一系列的复杂情况。第一个是国有银行纾困会增加国家负债在GDP中的比重，这可能会带来问题-标志着超过了主权信用评级。
Legislators continue to bicker over how and how much to trim from the federal budget in exchange for an agreement to raise the nation's statutory limit on borrowing.
就如何以及削减多少联邦预算以换取增加国家法定举债限额的协议，立法者继续在争吵。
It was a mistake to be borrowing at all, let alone over 2% of GDP, in 2006 and 2007 when the economy was strong.
在经济强势的2006,2007两年，借款是错误的，更不用说要超过GDP的2%了。
Ireland has already raised enough money to finance this year's borrowing requirement (it will spread the cost of bank bail-outs over several years) and has a big cash buffer besides.
爱尔兰已筹集到足够的资金来满足今年财政的借款需求(它将会在未来几年分摊银行纾困的开支)，并且有了较大数额的现金缓冲。
Borrowing allows younger people to consume something now and commit themselves to repayment over some future period.
而借贷让年轻人能够今天消费，明天支付。
Borrowing allows younger people to consume something now and commit themselves to repayment over some future period.
而借贷让年轻人能够今天消费，明天支付。
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