Psychological dependence induced by opioids implicates the involvement of learning and memory function.
阿片类药物造成的心理依赖作用提示与学习记忆功能有关。
Opioids and/or sedatives administered for prolonged periods (i. e. , days) should be weaned over several days in order to reduce the risk of drug withdrawal.
因此，对于阿片和/或其他镇静药物的治疗中，给药治疗时间较长（如数天）的患者，为了减少戒断谵妄的危险，应花数天时间逐渐减量停药。
Meanwhile, psychiatrists should be aware that “procedural options exist to relieve pain and minimize the use of opioids in this at-risk population, ” Panchal said.
同时，精神科医生应该知道“高危人群应程序化选择用药，以减轻疼痛和将阿片类药物的使用最小化。”
Opioids offer strong pain relief. But they are addictive, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Taking too many or too much can be fatal.
根据美国疾病控制预中心所言，阿片类药物能强力缓解疼痛。但是他们会让人上瘾。过量服用这类药物可能会致命。
For example, neural regions rich in opioids and serotonin, which relieve anxiety and pain and contribute to a sense of calm, did not light up for the newly-in-love.
比如那些富含类阿片与血清素的神经区域，在长期爱情中能够减轻焦虑与痛苦，产生一种镇定的感觉，在短期爱情中并没有出现。
Especially, some of them show biphasic modulation on opioid functions, which enhance opioid analgesia, but inhibit tolerance to and substance dependence on opioids.
特别是有些药物能对阿片功能产生双向调节作用，即增强阿片镇痛，对抗阿片耐受和躯体依赖。
The blood levels of opioids that are required to provide analgesia are less than those that usually result in significant respiratory depression or marked oversedation.
产生镇痛的血药水平要低于引起显著呼吸抑制或过度镇静的水平。
Results the obvious factors associated with PONV included gender, type of anesthesia, duration of surgery, to use opioids postoperatively and history of motion sickness.
结果显著影响PONV发生率的因素有性别、麻醉方式、手术时间、术后阿片类药物镇痛及既往PONV或晕动病史。
“Opioids and their receptors act as growth regulators during embryologic development, which may explain our findings, ” said Cheryl S. Broussard, the paper’s lead author.
“在胚胎发育过程中，阿片类镇痛药物及其受体会起到生长调节素的作用，这或许可以解释我们的研究发现”，该研究报告著者CherylS. Broussard说道。
Naltrexone (NTX) is a general opioid receptor antagonist devoid of intrinsic activity that results in a compensatory elevation in endogenous opioids and opioid receptors.
纳曲酮(ntx)是一个阿片受体的拮抗剂，因为他缺乏内在的活性，所以会导致细胞内的阿片类分子和阿片受体补偿性的增加。
Results the use of Narcotic analgesic drugs and consumptions of the Strong opioids drugs grow steadily in our hospital, and the use of the Pethidine hydrochloride decrease.
结果我院麻醉性镇痛药物使用量呈平稳增长，强阿片类药物消耗量增长，盐酸哌替啶使用量减少。
Virtual reality may eventually help to reduce reliance on opioids and allow more aggressive wound care and physical therapy, which would speed up recovery and cut medical costs.
最终，也许虚拟实境有助于减低患者对类鸦片药物的依赖，因而可以实施更积极的伤口处理与物理治疗方法，以加快恢复的速度，并降低医疗费用。
In recent years, the intrathecal administration of opioids has been considered to be increasingly important in clinical anesthesia and pain management owing to its many advantages.
近年来，椎管内应用阿片类药物因具有许多优点在临床麻醉和疼痛治疗中越来越受到重视。
Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist that prevents or reverses the effects of opioids. It is widely used in the treatment of narcotics and alcohol intoxication, shock, cerebral infarct.
纳洛酮为一特异性阿片受体阻滞剂，广泛用于麻醉剂过量、休克、酒精中毒、脑梗死等方面的治疗。
The men and women had similar pain scores, but women were significantly less likely to get any kind of pain medication and were 15% to 23% less likely than men to get opioids specifically.
这些患者的疼痛程度类似，但女患者获得止痛药的几率低得多，特别是获得阿片类药物的几率比男性低15%至23%。
Endogenous and exogenous opioids can influence and modulate neuronal and glial cell function via an opioid receptor mediated mechanism, leading to either protection or damage of the brain.
内源及外源性阿片具有调节神经元与胶质细胞的功能，这些调节具有保护或损伤脑功能的双重作用。
But, the love photo acted in a totally different area of the brain-the primitive reward system region that lights up where addictive drugs work, and where pain-relieving opioids do their magic.
但是，爱人的照片是在大脑内完全不同的区域里发生作用的——大脑原始的回报机制区域会发光，而那里正是上瘾药物发作时大脑会发光的区域，这也是为何类鸦片止痛药会发挥奇效。
The findings suggest that opioids might be the critical chemicals that enables human brains to distinguish between strangers and people who are closer to us, such as friends, families and lovers.
研究表明，阿片类物质可能作为一种非常重要的化学物质，帮助人类大脑区别陌生人以及关系亲密的人，诸如朋友、家人和恋人。
ResultsThe use of opioids after treatment the total effective rate was 89.3%, Pain in patients with moderate pain relief rate was 94.9%, pain in patients with severe pain remission rate was 86.7%;
结果使用阿片类药物治疗后总疼痛缓解率为89.3％，中度疼痛患者疼痛缓解率为94.9％，重度疼痛患者疼痛缓解率86.7％；
ResultsThe use of opioids after treatment the total effective rate was 89.3%, Pain in patients with moderate pain relief rate was 94.9%, pain in patients with severe pain remission rate was 86.7%;
结果使用阿片类药物治疗后总疼痛缓解率为89.3％，中度疼痛患者疼痛缓解率为94.9％，重度疼痛患者疼痛缓解率86.7％；
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